Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00023001%3A_____%2F21%3A00081539" target="_blank" >RIV/00023001:_____/21:00081539 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/374/bmj.n1651.full.pdf" target="_blank" >https://www.bmj.com/content/bmj/374/bmj.n1651.full.pdf</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1651" target="_blank" >10.1136/bmj.n1651</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Effect of low glycaemic index or load dietary patterns on glycaemic control and cardiometabolic risk factors in diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Original language description

OBJECTIVE To inform the update of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library searched up to 13 May 2021. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR SELECTING STUDIES Randomised controlled trials of three or more weeks investigating the effect of diets with low glycaemic index (GI)/glycaemic load (GL) in diabetes. OUTCOME AND MEASURES The primary outcome was glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Secondary outcomes included other markers of glycaemic control (fasting glucose, fasting insulin); blood lipids (low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, apo B, triglycerides); adiposity (body weight, BMI, waist circumference), blood pressure (systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP)), and inflammation (C reactive protein (CRP)). DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Data were pooled by random effects models. GRADE (grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation) was used to assess the certainty of evidence. RESULTS 29 trial comparisons were identified in 1617 participants with type 1 and 2 diabetes who were predominantly middle aged, overweight, or obese with moderately controlled type 2 diabetes treated by hyperglycaemia drugs or insulin. Low GI/GL dietary patterns reduced HbA1c in comparison with higher GI/GL control diets (mean difference &amp; minus;0.31% (95% confidence interval &amp; minus;0.42 to &amp; minus;0.19%), P &lt; 0.001; substantial heterogeneity, I2=75%, P &lt; 0.001). Reductions occurred also in fasting glucose, LDL-C, non-HDL-C, apo B, triglycerides, body weight, BMI, and CRP (P &lt; 0.05), but not blood insulin, HDL-C, waist circumference, or blood pressure. A positive dose response gradient was seen for the difference in GL and HbA1c and for absolute dietary GI and SBP (P &lt; 0.05). The certainty of evidence was high for the reduction in HbA1cand moderate for most secondary outcomes, with downgrades due mainly to imprecision. CONCLUSIONS This synthesis suggests that low GI/GL dietary patterns result in small important improvements in established targets of glycaemic control, blood lipids, adiposity, and inflammation beyond concurrent treatment with hyperglycaemia drugs or insulin, predominantly in adults with moderately controlled type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The available evidence provides a good indication of the likely benefit in this population. STUDY REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04045938. &lt;comment&gt;Superscript/Subscript Available&lt;/comment

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30218 - General and internal medicine

Project

—

Continuities

N - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z neverejnych zdroju

Publication year

2021

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

BMJ : British Medical Journal [online]

ISSN

1756-1833

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

374

Issue of the periodical within the volume

August 5

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

16

Pages from-to

"art. no. n1651"

UT code for WoS article

000685272100002

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85112239253