Dysdera parthenogenetica sp. nov. (Araneae, Dysderidae): A Unique Case of Parthenogenesis in Spiders

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00027006%3A_____%2F25%3A10179205" target="_blank" >RIV/00027006:_____/25:10179205 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/00216208:11120/25:43928809 RIV/00216208:11310/25:10501915

Result on the web

<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jzs/9266860?getft_integrator=clarivate&src=getftr&utm_source=clarivate" target="_blank" >https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/jzs/9266860?getft_integrator=clarivate&src=getftr&utm_source=clarivate</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/jzs/9266860" target="_blank" >10.1155/jzs/9266860</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Dysdera parthenogenetica sp. nov. (Araneae, Dysderidae): A Unique Case of Parthenogenesis in Spiders

Original language description

We studied the parthenogenetic lineages of the spider Dysdera hungarica (Araneae: Dysderidae). Based on our data, we consider them to constitute a separate taxon, Dysdera parthenogenetica sp. nov. Morphologically, the new species differs mainly by slightly reduced female copulatory organs. The ovaries contain meiotic cells, suggesting that automictic thelytoky occurs in this species. D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. colonised areas west of the ancestral sexual species D. hungarica, especially the Pannonian region; the distribution areas of these species show minimal overlap. The distribution pattern of D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. suggests that the obligate thelytoky in this species originated through geographic thelytoky. D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. has been found in a significantly larger variety of habitats than D. hungarica, including agroecosystems. Therefore, the parthenogenesis of D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. is associated with the ability to populate even habitats without tree or bush cover, often disturbed, which is unfavourable for other Dysdera species. According to the analysis of selected nuclear (ITS2) and mitochondrial markers (COI), D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. showed low genetic diversity (single COI haplotype and two closely related ITS2 haplotypes) in contrast to the ancestral D. hungarica. By separation of D. parthenogenetica sp. nov., D. hungarica becomes a paraphyletic species. D. hungarica is thus one of the first documented cases of paraspecies among spiders. Although D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. exhibits minimum genetic variation at the analysed molecular markers, it displays considerable karyotype diversity. The transition to parthenogenesis was accompanied by a decrease in diploid number through chromosome fusions. Karyotypes of D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. diverged considerably from those of D. hungarica. Potential hybrids between these species would likely produce gametes with defective genomes. There is also a behavioural barrier between these two taxa. Females of D. parthenogenetica sp. nov. refuse to mate.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

40106 - Agronomy, plant breeding and plant protection; (Agricultural biotechnology to be 4.4)

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTIONARY RESEARCH

ISSN

0947-5745

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

2025

Issue of the periodical within the volume

1

Country of publishing house

DE - GERMANY

Number of pages

21

Pages from-to

9266860

UT code for WoS article

001561987900001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105015379409