Rapid progression of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a dog – a case report

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00027162%3A_____%2F22%3AN0000121" target="_blank" >RIV/00027162:_____/22:N0000121 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.solen-preview.cz/program-alergo-2022/23/" target="_blank" >https://www.solen-preview.cz/program-alergo-2022/23/</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Rapid progression of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia in a dog – a case report

Original language description

A 16-month-old female Portuguese water dog was referred for the acute onset of epistaxis, small focal area of necrotic gingivitis, nonregenerative anaemia and thrombocytopenia. No lymphoblasts were detected in the blood smear neither the flow cytometry of popliteal lymph node aspirate did not revealed changes suggestive for lymphoma (lymphoblasts less than 10 % of lymphoid cells). After antibiotic therapy and blood transfusion, the patient recovered, except of occasional episodes of epistaxis. In 1 month after the first presentation, the dog become apathetic and had severe leucocytosis and thrombocytopenia. Flow cytometry of peripheral blood showed the presence of lymphoblasts at level 70% (phenotype CD45+21-79+34+25-MHCII-). Despite corticosteroid therapy the health status deteriorated and the patient was euthanized. Flow cytometry confirmed diagnosis of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia based on the presence of lymphoblasts in bone marrow aspirate at level 90 % with the same phenotype as in blood. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia arises from the malignant transformation of lymphoid progenitors in bone marrow, which results in myelophthisis and subsequent invasion of peripheral tissues. Clinical signs are typically acute in onset, caused by the infiltrative and functional effects of the expanding burden of malignant cells, and are most commonly a consequence of disrupted haematopoiesis. In presented case, the clinical signs were firstly associated with epistaxis with no neoplastic cells in peripheral blood with further rapid progression and corticoid therapy resistance. Presented case showed the importance of flow cytometry and bone marrow sampling in the clinical diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10601 - Cell biology

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů