How to select novel types of probiotics? - invited conference presentation

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00027162%3A_____%2F22%3AN0000154" target="_blank" >RIV/00027162:_____/22:N0000154 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

How to select novel types of probiotics? - invited conference presentation

Original language description

Probiotics are viable microorganisms with positive effect on its host. The most frequently used probiotics belong to lactic acid bacteria, mostly Lactobacilli. While Lactobacilli are indeed of key importance for food or feed fermentation, their efficacy when used for gut colonisation is sometimes controversial. Why this is so and what characteristics should be considered when designing novel types of probiotics for gut colonisation? Using a chicken model, we have found, that only these bacterial species from the gut which do not express any form aerobic survival, colonise intestinal tract after a single dose administration. These include Bacteroidetes, Selenomonadales and strictly anaerobic Proteobacteria. On the other hand, aerotolerant Lactobacilli and spore-forming Clostridia do not colonise chicken intestinal tract after a single dose administration. If these bacteria are used as probiotics, these have to be supplied continuously and their effect will likely disappear shortly after their withdrawal. However, there are additional alternatives for effective probiotics. Spores of Bacillus sp. are sometimes used as probiotics and these may mimic permanent exposure of chickens to spores of Clostridiales. Another possibility is to use mucus-associated microbiota members. Conditions at the mucosal layer differ from those in gut lumen and mucosal microbiota are in more intimate contact with host than microbiota in lumen. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes colonise gut lumen and not mucosal surfaces in the chickens. Other bacteria such as Mucispirillum or Helicobacter dominate in the mucus although their selection as probiotics will have to be performed more carefully as these may be at the border of probiotics and pathogens. Bacteria with positive influence on chicken performance can be sought in other compartments such as respiratory tract or skin. In addition to chicken colonisation, probiotics can be selected to colonise external environment to suppress multiplication of pathogens outside chicken host. All these concepts we gradually develop to improve chicken health and to reduce need for antibiotic therapy. However, the same way of thinking can be used for use of probiotics in other animal species like pigs or even humans.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

40301 - Veterinary science

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů