Disorders of Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00064165%3A_____%2F16%3A10333588" target="_blank" >RIV/00064165:_____/16:10333588 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/00216208:11110/16:10333588
Result on the web
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49771-5_20" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49771-5_20</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49771-5_20" target="_blank" >10.1007/978-3-662-49771-5_20</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Disorders of Sulfur Amino Acid Metabolism
Original language description
The essential amino acid methionine is converted by two methionine adenosyltransferases (MAT I/III and MATII) to S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). The methyl group of SAM is used in numerous biologically important methylation reactions, yielding S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH); excess SAM is removed from the cycle by glycine N-methyltransferase (GNMT). SAH is cleaved by of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase (SAHH) to homocysteine and adenosine, which is further metabolized by adenosine kinase (ADK). Homocysteine can be converted back to methionine by the remethylation pathway or using betaine as a methyl-group donor, in patients treated with this drug. Alternatively, homocysteine is irreversibly metabolized to sulfate by the transsulfuration pathway. Homocysteine is condensed with serine to form cystathionine, which is subsequently cleaved to form cysteine and α-ketobutyrate; these reactions are catalysed by cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), respectively, which can also use cysteine and/or homocysteine to synthesize hydrogen sulfide. Cysteine can be further converted in a series of reactions into taurine, or via the mitochondrial enzymes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MPST), to pyruvate and hydrogen sulfide. Mitochondrial oxidation of hydrogen sulfide involves several steps yielding thiosulfate, sulfite and finally sulfate; the figure only shows sulfur dioxygenase (ETHE1) and sulfite oxidase (SUOX), which requires the molybdenum cofactor, produced by enzymes encoded by molybdenum cofactor synthesis 1 and 2 genes (MOCS1 and 2) and by gephyrin (GPHN).
Czech name
—
Czech description
—
Classification
Type
C - Chapter in a specialist book
CEP classification
FB - Endocrinology, diabetology, metabolism, nutrition
OECD FORD branch
—
Result continuities
Project
—
Continuities
V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju
Others
Publication year
2016
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Book/collection name
Inborn Metabolic Diseases. Diagnosis and Treatment
ISBN
978-3-662-49769-2
Number of pages of the result
12
Pages from-to
309-320
Number of pages of the book
658
Publisher name
Springer
Place of publication
Berlin, Heidelberg
UT code for WoS chapter
—