What Is the Best Predictor of Phenobarbital Pharmacokinetics to Use for Initial Dosing in Neonates?

Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11110%2F21%3A10428033" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11110/21:10428033 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/00064165:_____/21:10428033
Result on the web
<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=oYqbAHgw58" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=oYqbAHgw58</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030301" target="_blank" >10.3390/pharmaceutics13030301</a>

Result language
angličtina
Original language name
What Is the Best Predictor of Phenobarbital Pharmacokinetics to Use for Initial Dosing in Neonates?
Original language description
Phenobarbital is a first-line treatment of various seizure types in newborns. Dosage individualization maximizing the proportion of patients with drug levels in therapeutic range or sufficient treatment response is still challenging. The aim of this review was to summarize the available evidence on phenobarbital pharmacokinetics in neonates and to identify its possible covariates suitable for individualization of initial drug dosing. Several covariates have been considered: body weight and height, body surface area, gestational and postnatal age, laboratory parameters of renal and hepatic functions, asphyxia, therapeutic hypothermia, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), drug interactions, and genetic polymorphisms. The most frequently studied and well-founded covariate for the estimation of phenobarbital dosing is actual body weight. Loading dose of 15-20 mg/kg followed by a maintenance dose of 3-5 mg/kg/day seems to be accurate. However, the evidence for the other covariates with respect to dosing individualization is not sufficient. Doses at the lower limit of suggested range should be preferred in patients with severe asphyxia, while the upper limit of the range should be targeted in neonates receiving ECMO support.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
30104 - Pharmacology and pharmacy

Project
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Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year
2021
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

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