Predictors of relapse risk and treatment response in AQP4-IgG positive and seronegative NMOSD: A multicentre study

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11110%2F25%3A10485301" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11110/25:10485301 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/00064165:_____/25:10485301

Result on the web

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=MXL.zjV-1G" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=MXL.zjV-1G</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2024-334090" target="_blank" >10.1136/jnnp-2024-334090</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Predictors of relapse risk and treatment response in AQP4-IgG positive and seronegative NMOSD: A multicentre study

Original language description

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) can be categorised into aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) NMOSD or seronegative NMOSD. While our knowledge of AQP4-IgG NMOSD has evolved significantly in the past decade, seronegative NMOSD remains less understood. This study aimed to evaluate the predictors of relapses and treatment responses in AQP4-IgG NMOSD and seronegative NMOSD. Methods: This was a multicentre, international, retrospective cohort study using the MSBase registry. Recurrent relapse risk was assessed using an Andersen-Gill model and risk of first relapse was evaluated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Covariates that putatively influence relapse risk included demographic factors, clinical characteristics and immunosuppressive therapies; the latter was assessed as a time-varying covariate. Results: A total of 398 patients (246 AQP4-IgG NMOSD and 152 seronegative NMOSD) were included. The AQP4-IgG NMOSD and seronegative NMOSD patients did not significantly differ by age at disease onset, ethnicity or annualised relapse rate. Both low-efficacy and high-efficacy immunosuppressive therapies were associated with significant reductions in recurrent relapse risk, with notably greater protection conferred by high-efficacy therapies in both AQP4-IgG NMOSD (HR 0.27, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.49, p&lt;0.001) and seronegative NMOSD (HR 0.21, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.51, p&lt;0.001). Longer disease duration (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.95 to 0.99, p&lt;0.001) and male sex (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.84, p=0.007) were additional protective variables in reducing the recurrent relapse risk for the AQP4-IgG NMOSD group. Conclusion: Although further studies are needed to improve our understanding of seronegative NMOSD, our findings underscore the importance of aggressive treatment with high-efficacy immunotherapies in both NMOSD subtypes, regardless of serostatus.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

30103 - Neurosciences (including psychophysiology)

Project

<a href="/en/project/NU23-05-00462" target="_blank" >NU23-05-00462: Altered proportional and functional characteristics of particular neutrophil subsets as a possible trigger of relapses in patients with autoimmune neurological disorders of CNS</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry

ISSN

0022-3050

e-ISSN

1468-330X

Volume of the periodical

96

Issue of the periodical within the volume

4

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

9

Pages from-to

361-369

UT code for WoS article

001309611300001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85204235831