Karyotype differentiation and male meiosis in European clades of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11310%2F22%3A10451775" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11310/22:10451775 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/49777513:23420/22:43971392

Result on the web

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=n4DcFqqLhF" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=n4DcFqqLhF</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/CompCytogen.v16i4.85059" target="_blank" >10.3897/CompCytogen.v16i4.85059</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Karyotype differentiation and male meiosis in European clades of the spider genus Pholcus (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Original language description

Haplogyne araneomorphs are a diverse spider clade. Their karyotypes are usually predominated by biarmed (i.e., metacentric and submetacentric) chromosomes and have a specific sex chromosome system, X1X2Y. These features are probably ancestral for haplogynes. Nucleolus organizer regions (NORs) spread fre-quently from autosomes to sex chromosomes in these spiders. This study focuses on pholcids (Pholcidae), a highly diverse haplogyne family. Despite considerable recent progress in pholcid cytogenetics, knowledge on many clades remains insufficient including the most species-rich pholcid genus, Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805. To characterize the karyotype differentiation of Pholcus in Europe, we compared karyotypes, sex chromosomes, NORs, and male meiosis of seven species [P. alticeps Spassky, 1932; P. creticus Senglet, 1971; P. dentatus Wunderlich, 1995; P. fuerteventurensis Wunderlich, 1992; P. phalangioides (Fuesslin, 1775); P. opilionoides (Schrank, 1781); P. silvai Wunderlich, 1995] representing the dominant species groups in this region. The species studied show several features ancestral for Pholcus, namely the 2n male = 25, the X1X2Y system, and a karyotype predominated by biarmed chromosomes. Most taxa have a large acro-centric NOR-bearing pair, which evolved from a biarmed pair by a pericentric inversion. In some lineages, the acrocentric pair reverted to biarmed. Closely related species often differ in the morphology of some chromosome pairs, probably resulting from pericentric inversions and/or translocations. Such rearrange-ments have been implicated in the formation of reproductive barriers. While the X1 and Y chromosomes retain their ancestral metacentric morphology, the X2 chromosome shows a derived (acrocentric or sub-telocentric) morphology. Pairing of this element is usually modified during male meiosis. NOR patterns are very diverse. The ancestral karyotype of Pholcus contained five or six terminal NORs including three X chromosome-linked loci. The number of NORs has been frequently reduced during evolution. In the Macaronesian clade, there is only a single NOR-bearing pair. Sex chromosome-linked NORs are lost in Madeiran species and in P. creticus. Our study revealed two cytotypes in the synanthropic species P. phalan-gioides (Madeiran and Czech), which differ by their NOR pattern and chromosome morphology. In the Czech cytotype, the large acrocentric pair was transformed into a biarmed pair by pericentric inversion.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10613 - Zoology

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)<br>S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach<br>I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Comparative Cytogenetics

ISSN

1993-0771

e-ISSN

1993-078X

Volume of the periodical

16

Issue of the periodical within the volume

4

Country of publishing house

RU - RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Number of pages

25

Pages from-to

185-209

UT code for WoS article

000885469700001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85142298171