Conditioned Variation in Heart Rate During Static Breath-Holds in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14110%2F20%3A00117278" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14110/20:00117278 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.604018/full" target="_blank" >https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2020.604018/full</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2020.604018" target="_blank" >10.3389/fphys.2020.604018</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Conditioned Variation in Heart Rate During Static Breath-Holds in the Bottlenose Dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)

Original language description

Previous reports suggested the existence of direct somatic motor control over heart rate (f(H)) responses during diving in some marine mammals, as the result of a cognitive and/or learning process rather than being a reflexive response. This would be beneficial for O-2 storage management, but would also allow ventilation-perfusion matching for selective gas exchange, where O-2 and CO2 can be exchanged with minimal exchange of N-2. Such a mechanism explains how air breathing marine vertebrates avoid diving related gas bubble formation during repeated dives, and how stress could interrupt this mechanism and cause excessive N-2 exchange. To investigate the conditioned response, we measured the f(H)-response before and during static breath-holds in three bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) when shown a visual symbol to perform either a long (LONG) or short (SHORT) breath-hold, or during a spontaneous breath-hold without a symbol (NS). The average f(H) (if(Hstart)), and the rate of change in f(H) (dif(H)/dt) during the first 20 s of the breath-hold differed between breath-hold types. In addition, the minimum instantaneous f(H) (if(Hmin)), and the average instantaneous f(H) during the last 10 s (if(Hend)) also differed between breath-hold types. The dif(H)/dt was greater, and the if(Hstart), if(Hmin), and if(Hend) were lower during a LONG as compared with either a SHORT, or an NS breath-hold (P &lt; 0.05). Even though the NS breath-hold dives were longer in duration as compared with SHORT breath-hold dives, the dif(H)/dt was greater and the if(Hstart), if(Hmin), and if(Hend) were lower during the latter (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, when the dolphin determined the breath-hold duration (NS), the f(H) was more variable within and between individuals and trials, suggesting a conditioned capacity to adjust the f(H)-response. These results suggest that dolphins have the capacity to selectively alter the f(H)-response during diving and provide evidence for significant cardiovascular plasticity in dolphins.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

30105 - Physiology (including cytology)

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2020

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Frontiers in Physiology

ISSN

1664-042X

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

11

Issue of the periodical within the volume

NOV 2020

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

11

Pages from-to

1-11

UT code for WoS article

000596357800001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85097348104