Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14310%2F22%3A00127730" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14310/22:00127730 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/60460709:41210/22:92056

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1061700" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1061700</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2022.1061700" target="_blank" >10.3389/fevo.2022.1061700</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Two lines of defense in the pupas of ichneumonid wasp parasitoids associated with spider hosts

Original language description

Insects in the pupal stage are vulnerable to various predators because the pupa is immobile. The pupas of parasitoid ichneumonid wasps (Ichneumonidae) associated with spider hosts have evolved two lines of defense against predators, namely a cocoon spun by the parasitoid larva and a web provided by the spider host. The web is derived from a normal or modified spider web built by the spider under manipulation by the penultimate instar of the parasitoid wasp. In laboratory experiments, we tested the efficacy of these two defensive tines using six potential predators with two different types of mouthparts coming from three foraging guilds. The presence of the cocoon significantly reduced predation. Scavengers with chewing mouthparts, e.g., cockroaches and crickets, attacked and consumed pupas within both sparse and strong cocoon walls. Scavengers with piercing mouthparts were able to attack pupas in cocoons with a sparse wall, but not with a strong wall. Collectors and true predators showed no interest in cocoons. The presence of a web increased pupa protection by up to 80% when the web was on the ground and by up to 95% when the web was in the air. Only scavengers with chewing mouthparts were able to reach and consume pupas sheltered by the web. We provide the first evidence of how the two lines of defense contribute to parasitoid defense during the pupal stage.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10511 - Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7)

Project

<a href="/en/project/LTAUSA19084" target="_blank" >LTAUSA19084: Distribution of spider parasitoids from Polysphincta genus-group across ecological gradients in Holarctic and the importance of host manipulation for parasitoid survival</a><br>

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution

ISSN

2296-701X

e-ISSN

2296-701X

Volume of the periodical

10

Issue of the periodical within the volume

November

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

10

Pages from-to

1-10

UT code for WoS article

000893652400001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85143365951