Gaze Behavior in Basketball Free Throws Developed in Constant and Variable Practice

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14510%2F19%3A00111653" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14510/19:00111653 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203875" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203875</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203875" target="_blank" >10.3390/ijerph16203875</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Gaze Behavior in Basketball Free Throws Developed in Constant and Variable Practice

Original language description

There are a limited number of studies focusing on the mechanisms explaining why variable practice gives an advantage in a novel situation and constant practice in performance in trained conditions. We hypothesized that this may be due to the different gaze behavior that is developed under different conditions. Twenty participants, randomly assigned to two different groups, practiced basketball free throws for three consecutive days, performing 100 throws per day. The constant group (n = 10) practiced at a free throw distance (4.57 m) only. The variable practice group (n = 10) randomly performed 20 shots per five throw distances (3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, and 5.79 m) on each day, also accumulating 100 shots per day. We analyzed the total gaze fixation duration, a number of fixations, and the average fixation duration on a basketball rim in a pretest and posttest at the 4.57 m distance. We computed a linear mixed model with test (pretest-posttest), group (constant-variable), and test x group interaction in order to analyze the total fixation duration and number of fixations. The average fixation duration was analyzed with a repeated measure two-way ANOVA, with practice conditions as a between-participants factor and test type as a within-participants factor. We found that the total fixation duration increased significantly in the posttest, regardless of the practice conditions (p &lt; 0.001, effect size = 0.504). The number of fixations also increased significantly in the posttest (p = 0.037, effect size = 0.246). The average fixation duration increased in both groups; however, insignificantly. We also did not find any significant differences between groups. Our results suggest that variable and constant practice conditions may lead to the development of similar gaze behavior.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

30306 - Sport and fitness sciences

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2019

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

ISSN

1660-4601

e-ISSN

1661-7827

Volume of the periodical

16

Issue of the periodical within the volume

20

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

12

Pages from-to

3875

UT code for WoS article

000494779100089

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85073429558