Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14740%2F24%3A00138871" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14740/24:00138871 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436/full" target="_blank" >https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436/full</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436" target="_blank" >10.3389/fimmu.2024.1369436</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Clonal structure and the specificity of vaccine-induced T cell response to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein

Original language description

Adenovirus vaccines, particularly the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenovirus vaccine, have emerged as promising tools in the fight against infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated the structure of the T cell response to the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus used in the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine in a phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04540419). In 69 participants, we collected peripheral blood samples at four time points after vaccination or placebo injection. Sequencing of T cell receptor repertoires from Spike-stimulated T cell cultures at day 14 from 17 vaccinated revealed a more diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire compared to CD8+. Nevertheless, CD8+ clonotypes accounted for more than half of the Spike-specific repertoire. Our longitudinal analysis showed a peak T cell response at day 14, followed by a decline until month 6. Remarkably, multiple T cell clonotypes persisted for at least 6 months after vaccination, as demonstrated by ex vivo stimulation. Examination of CDR3 regions revealed homologous sequences in both CD4+ and CD8+ clonotypes, with major CD8+ clonotypes sharing high similarity with annotated sequences specific for the NYNYLYRLF peptide, suggesting potential immunodominance. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the immunogenicity of the Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine and highlights its ability to induce robust and durable T cell responses. These findings provide valuable insight into the efficacy of the vaccine against COVID-19 and provide critical information for ongoing efforts to control infectious diseases.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30102 - Immunology

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Frontiers in immunology

ISSN

1664-3224

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

15

Issue of the periodical within the volume

Apr

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

17

Pages from-to

1-17

UT code for WoS article

001203777400001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85190385386