The Health Risk of Cd Released from Low-Cost Jewelry

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216275%3A25310%2F17%3A39910868" target="_blank" >RIV/00216275:25310/17:39910868 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050520" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050520</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14050520" target="_blank" >10.3390/ijerph14050520</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

The Health Risk of Cd Released from Low-Cost Jewelry

Original language description

The composition of the surface layer of 13 low-cost jewelry samples with a high Cd content was analyzed using an energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (ED XRF). The analyzed jewels were obtained in cooperation with the Czech Environmental Inspectorate. The jewels were leached in two types of artificial sweat (acidic and alkaline) for 7 days. Twenty microliters of the resulting solution was subsequently placed on a paper carrier and analyzed by an LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectrometry) spectrometer after drying. The Cd content in the jewelry surface layer detected by using ED XRF ranged from 13.4% to 44.6% (weight per weight-w/w). The samples were subsequently leached in artificial alkaline, and the acidic sweat and leachates were analyzed using laser-induced breakdown spectrometry (LIBS). The amount of released Cd into alkaline sweat ranged from 24.0 to 370 mu g Cd per week, respectively 3.23-61.7 mu g/cm(2)/week. The amount of released Cd into acidic sweat ranged from 16.4 to 1517 mu g Cd per week, respectively 3.53-253 mu g/cm(2)/week. The limit of Cd for dermal exposure is not unequivocally determined in the countries of the EU (European Union) or in the U.S. Based on the US EPA(United States Environmental Protection Agency) approach used to establish the reference dose (RfD) for Cd contained in food and information about the bioavailability of Cd after dermal exposure, we assessed our own value of dermal RfD. The value was compared with the theoretical amount of Cd, which can be absorbed into the organism from jewelry in contact with the skin. The calculation was based on the amount of Cd that was released into acidic and alkaline sweat. The highest amount of Cd was released into acidic sweat, which represents 0.1% of dermal RfD and into alkaline sweat, 0.5% of dermal RfD.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30304 - Public and environmental health

Project

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Continuities

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach

Publication year

2017

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

ISSN

1660-4601

e-ISSN

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Volume of the periodical

14

Issue of the periodical within the volume

5

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

8

Pages from-to

520-527

UT code for WoS article

000404106400068

EID of the result in the Scopus database

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