Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216305%3A26630%2F23%3APU147914" target="_blank" >RIV/00216305:26630/23:PU147914 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283234" target="_blank" >https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0283234</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283234" target="_blank" >10.1371/journal.pone.0283234</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Intra- and inter-individual variability in the underwater pull-out technique in 200 m breaststroke turns

Original language description

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the intra- and inter-individual variability in arm-leg coordination during the underwater phase of the turn segment in 200 m breaststroke. Thirteen male swimmers were recruited and performed a 200 m breaststroke in a pre-calibrated 25 m pool. Sub-phases during the underwater segment were obtained using a notational analysis, and the mean velocity, displacement and duration during each sub-phase were obtained. A hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was performed using the analysed variables in all phases to identify inter-individual variability and random intra-individual variability. In addition, a linear mixed model (LMM: lap as a fixed effect and the participant as a random effect) was conducted to investigate systematic intra-individual variability. HCA identified three coordination patterns that were distinguished by the timing of the dolphin kick relative to the arm pull-out and the duration of the glide with arms at the side. All swimmers except one performed the arm pull-out after the dolphin kick. Nine swimmers maintained one coordination pattern, but other swimmers switched their coordination during the trial, particularly by shortening the duration of the glide with arms at the side. LMM showed a linear decrease (from the first to the last turn) in the time gap between the end of the dolphin kick and the start of the arm pull-out (a glide with the streamlined body position; F = 9.64, p = 0.034) and the glide duration with the arms at the side (F = 11.66, p = 0.015). In conclusion, both inter- and intra-individual variabilities during the underwater phase were evident in 200 m breaststroke turns, which were categorised into three patterns based on the timing of the dolphin kick and the duration of glides.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10700 - Other natural sciences

Project

—

Continuities

O - Projekt operacniho programu

Publication year

2023

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

PLOS ONE

ISSN

1932-6203

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

18

Issue of the periodical within the volume

3

Country of publishing house

US - UNITED STATES

Number of pages

17

Pages from-to

1-17

UT code for WoS article

000968423200021

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85150671617