Analysis of risk factors and the effect of specific treatments on the clinical outcome of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at a university hospital in the Czech Republic

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F46747885%3A24530%2F24%3A00013446" target="_blank" >RIV/46747885:24530/24:00013446 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://aimjournal.cz/en/artkey/aim-202403-0001_analysis-of-risk-factors-and-the-effect-of-specific-treatments-on-the-clinical-outcome-of-patients-hospitalized.php" target="_blank" >https://aimjournal.cz/en/artkey/aim-202403-0001_analysis-of-risk-factors-and-the-effect-of-specific-treatments-on-the-clinical-outcome-of-patients-hospitalized.php</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.36290/aim.2024.034" target="_blank" >10.36290/aim.2024.034</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Analysis of risk factors and the effect of specific treatments on the clinical outcome of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at a university hospital in the Czech Republic

Original language description

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in two university hospitals in 2021-2022, define risk factors, and evaluate the effect of specific treatment procedures. Design: A multicentric retrospective study. Setting: Intensive care units. Material and methods: The study included all adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The demographic data, comorbidities, degree of vaccination, ventilatory support, and pharmacotherapy were recorded. The study aimed to determine the impacts of selected risk factors, pharmacotherapy, and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 on the clinical outcome. Results: A total of 3,835 patients were included in the study; the median age was 71 years. 523 (13.6 %) patients died during hospitalization and 930 (24.3 %) patients died until 90 days after admission. Of patients treated with mechanical ventilation or ECMO, 53.4 % died until 90 days. Males had a higher mortality rate than women; 64.3 % died in the group with ventilatory support older than 65 years. Most patients (76.2 %) were not vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2; these patients accounted for 87.4 % of the deceased. Obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and atrial fibrillation were the main risk factors for death, the risk increased with several comorbidities. The analyses showed a significant protective effect of vaccination against the risk of death, especially in the group of elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. The inconclusive impact of vaccination was apparent in the group of younger patients. Chronic pharmacotherapy with heparin, warfarin, antithrombotic agents, and corticoids increased the risk of death. Treatment with remdesivir and casivirimab/ imdevimab reduced the risk of death in contrast to therapy with convalescent plasma and corticoids. Conclusion: The study demonstrated a significant protective effect of vaccination against severe course and death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. In patients who developed a severe course of disease requiring mechanical ventilation and/or ECMO, the protective effect of vaccination is inconclusive. The main risk factors for an unfavourable clinical outcome were older age, male sex, and comorbidities (overweight, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, coronary artery diseases).

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30223 - Anaesthesiology

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Anesteziologie a Intenzivni Medicina

ISSN

1214-2158

e-ISSN

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Volume of the periodical

35

Issue of the periodical within the volume

3

Country of publishing house

CZ - CZECH REPUBLIC

Number of pages

13

Pages from-to

142-154

UT code for WoS article

001356745300002

EID of the result in the Scopus database

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