The resilience of constructed wetlands treating greywater: the effect of operating conditions and seasonal temperature decline

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60076658%3A12110%2F24%3A43908621" target="_blank" >RIV/60076658:12110/24:43908621 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/60460709:41320/24:100370 RIV/60460709:41330/24:100370

Result on the web

<a href="https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ew/d4ew00637b" target="_blank" >https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2024/ew/d4ew00637b</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d4ew00637b" target="_blank" >10.1039/d4ew00637b</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

The resilience of constructed wetlands treating greywater: the effect of operating conditions and seasonal temperature decline

Original language description

The use of constructed wetlands to remove pollutants from greywater is a viable solution, but seasonal variability of microbial activity and persistence of some of the organic compounds may impact their treatment efficiency. These shortcomings could be overcome using reactive media like manganese oxides (MnOx) that, as strong oxidants, extend the set of abiotic reactions. The reactivity of MnOx can be altered by the presence of dissolved oxygen, presence of vegetation and ammonium, among many other factors. In this study, constructed wetlands filled with commercial filtering material consisting of MnOx (specifically pyrolusite) or sand were used to treat greywater in an outdoor batch experiment exposed to natural seasonality. The effect of five variables (controlled ones: the presence of MnOx, plants, ammonium, the use of aeration, and uncontrolled: ambient temperature) on the removal of organic pollutants was evaluated. The four selected organic pollutants were: 5-methylbenzotriazole (5MBTR), metoprolol (MTP), bisphenol S (BPS), and diclofenac (DCF). The removal efficiency of DCF in the presence of MnOx was higher than 99% and unaffected by the temperature. The removal was confirmed to be associated with abiotic oxidation of DCF by MnOx. In contrast, sand-filled treatments outcompeted MnOx in removing 5MBTR, MTP, and BPS. The lower removal of 5MBTR, BPS, and MTP in the treatments with MnOx was probably due to organic carbon deficiency. This hypothesis was partially verified by the enantioselective analysis of MTP and the identification of its transformation product (MTP acid, MTPA) in both sand and MnOx treatments, indicating similar biotic removal mechanisms despite contrasting removal efficiencies (by 46-78%). The removal of the studied compounds by biodegradation correlated strongly with the determined electrophilicity index (EI), and the reactivity with MnOx with ionization potential (IP). The unaerated treatments with sand and plants were found the most effective and provided the greatest treatment resilience. In these treatments, the highest removals of the organic pollutants were 65%, 78%, 95% and 80% for 5MBTR, BPS, MTP and DCF, respectively. Implications: unaerated biofilters with sand and plants offer the highest performance and resilience.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

20802 - Bioremediation, diagnostic biotechnologies (DNA chips and biosensing devices) in environmental management

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH &amp; TECHNOLOGY

ISSN

2053-1400

e-ISSN

2053-1419

Volume of the periodical

10

Issue of the periodical within the volume

12

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

11

Pages from-to

3206-3216

UT code for WoS article

001329954000001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85206679517