From Feedstock to Function: How Pyrolysis and Oxidation Shape Biochar Performance in Soil-Plant Interactions

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60076658%3A12220%2F25%3A43910668" target="_blank" >RIV/60076658:12220/25:43910668 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14213278" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14213278</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants14213278" target="_blank" >10.3390/plants14213278</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

From Feedstock to Function: How Pyrolysis and Oxidation Shape Biochar Performance in Soil-Plant Interactions

Original language description

Nutrient losses through leaching and low nutrient use efficiency are major challenges limiting crop productivity and causing environmental pollution. Biochar has been widely studied as a soil amendment to improve nutrient retention; however, the combined effects of pyrolysis temperature and post-production oxidation on soil nutrient dynamics and plant performance remain unclear. In this study, wheat straw and wood residue biochars were produced at two pyrolysis temperatures (350 and 450 degrees C) and subsequently modified by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidation to enhance surface functionality. A pot experiment with fava bean (Vicia faba L.) was conducted to evaluate the effects of pristine and oxidized biochars on soil chemical properties, nutrient leaching, and plant nutrient uptake. Results showed that pristine biochars increased soil pH from 6.82 (control) to 8.73-9.12 and EC from 2.15 to 3.06-4.71 dS m-1, with wheat straw biochars having stronger alkalizing effects. In contrast, oxidized biochars decreased soil pH to 5.62-5.93 due to the introduction of oxygen-containing functional groups. All biochars reduced NO3--N, NH4+-N, and PO43--P leaching, with the most pronounced reductions observed in oxidized wheat straw biochar produced at 450 degrees C (O-BWS450). Improved nutrient retention translated into higher plant nutrient uptake: fava bean plants grown in O-BWS450-amended soil achieved the greatest N (6.71%) and P (3.89%) uptake, significantly higher than the control. These findings highlight the potential of oxidation-modified biochars, particularly wheat straw biochar produced at moderate pyrolysis temperature, to improve soil nutrient conservation and enhance crop nutrition simultaneously. Such modifications represent a promising approach for developing biochar-based soil amendments that promote sustainable nutrient management.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10611 - Plant sciences, botany

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Plants-Basel

ISSN

2223-7747

e-ISSN

2223-7747

Volume of the periodical

14

Issue of the periodical within the volume

21

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

14

Pages from-to

1-14

UT code for WoS article

001612585400001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

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