Botanical and microbial insecticides application in aquaponics-is there a risk for biofilter bacteria and fish?

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60076658%3A12520%2F22%3A43905464" target="_blank" >RIV/60076658:12520/22:43905464 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1055560" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1055560</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2022.1055560" target="_blank" >10.3389/fmars.2022.1055560</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Botanical and microbial insecticides application in aquaponics-is there a risk for biofilter bacteria and fish?

Original language description

Aquaponics is a food production system that combines aquaculture with hydroponics. The simultaneous existence of fish, beneficial bacteria and plants in the same water loop predisposes the fish and bacteria to a possible detrimental effect of plant protection products. Additionally, there is an inadequate exploration of scientific studies on the impact of pesticides on fish and bacteria in aquaponics systems. This study investigated the effects of three commercial insecticides based on the following active ingredients: pyrethrum, azadirachtin, and spinosad, on aquaponics systems. Due to ethical concerns in animal testing, applying insecticides directly to aquaponics setup was impossible. Therefore, three separate experiments were conducted: (1) Pesticide runoff rate - in which insecticides were applied to basil (Ocimum basilicum) plants grown in two hydroponic systems: media bed and floating raft. The concentrations of applied insecticides were measured in the water of nutrient solutions of the hydroponics after 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96h to establish a pattern of degradation of insecticides. The result from this experiment showed that pyrethrum and spinosad were detected in unquantifiable concentrations in the nutrient solutions. Hence, further experiments were conducted only with azadirachtin. In a biofilter trial (2) - azadirachtin, at three concentrations (1.5 mu g L-1; 7.5 mu g L-1; and 15 mu g L-1), was added to a running biofilter to investigate the effects on nitrifying bacteria. Mild effects were recorded in the nitrification and bacteria microbiome. In the third trial (3) - Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were exposed to similar concentrations of azadirachtin for seven days (and the same period for recovery) to investigate effects on fish hematology, blood biochemistry, antioxidative enzymes in the brain, gills, muscle, liver and intestine and histopathology of gills and liver. Results showed mild effects in hematology and biochemistry profile in fish and higher levels of lipid peroxidation in the liver during the exposure. The results indicate a safe use of pyrethrum and spinosad in aquaponics setup, while azadirachtin has to be used with care, especially in coupled aquaponics systems.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

40103 - Fishery

Project

<a href="/en/project/LM2018099" target="_blank" >LM2018099: South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)<br>R - Projekt Ramcoveho programu EK

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Frontiers in Marine Science

ISSN

2296-7745

e-ISSN

2296-7745

Volume of the periodical

9

Issue of the periodical within the volume

neuvedeno

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

18

Pages from-to

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UT code for WoS article

000893958100001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85143297972