Constructed wetlands for pollution control
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60460709%3A41330%2F23%3A97510" target="_blank" >RIV/60460709:41330/23:97510 - isvavai.cz</a>
Result on the web
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00395-z" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00395-z</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43017-023-00395-z" target="_blank" >10.1038/s43017-023-00395-z</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Constructed wetlands for pollution control
Original language description
Constructed wetlands are used to remove organics and nutrients from wastewater while providing ecosystem services. This Review discusses the application, principles and operational strategies of CWs, and provides guidance on their design and maintenance. Artificial wetlands are used in over 50 countries to sustainably treat wastewater. These constructed wetlands (CWs) make use of natural biogeochemical and physical processes to remove organic matter and nutrients, while providing co-benefits such as ecosystem services and recreation. However, their performance can be variable, as local weather conditions, wastewater composition and operation can affect contaminant removal. In this Review, we discuss the global application and distribution of CWs, and factors affecting their functioning. Based on data from 335 field-scale CWs, hybrid CWs (which use two or more types of CW during water treatment) are the most effective for water-quality improvement and greenhouse gas mitigation, removing 76%, 63% and 72% of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus, respectively (based on the median values). Plant species, substrate selection, and environmental and hydraulic conditions affect performance, with variations in contaminant removal performance mainly related to temperature, hydraulic residence time and pollutant loading rates. Pollutant removal and long-term performance of CWs can be enhanced through strategies such as artificial aeration, cold-resistant plant selection, electron donor supplementation and clogging repair. Engineers and scientists must work together to design and manage CWs, ideally maximizing their co-benefits alongside pollution control.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
10511 - Environmental sciences (social aspects to be 5.7)
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach
Others
Publication year
2023
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
ISSN
2662-138X
e-ISSN
2662-138X
Volume of the periodical
4
Issue of the periodical within the volume
4
Country of publishing house
GB - UNITED KINGDOM
Number of pages
17
Pages from-to
218-234
UT code for WoS article
000949756000001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85149848334