Annelida: Recognition of Nonself in Earthworms

Result code in IS VaVaI

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Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Annelida: Recognition of Nonself in Earthworms

Original language description

Anotace v anglickém jazycenThe ability to recognize self and nonself exists in all animal species. Unicellularnanimals, such as protozoans that often engulf living microorganisms, must discriminate between nutrition proteins and their own cell structures. The mechanism of discriminationat this level remains unknown, but one can assume that the specificity is based on the substrate specificity of proteolytic enzymes. Together with the evolution of multicellular organisms, the necessity to recognize self and nonself emerged to prevent the undesirable intrusion of pathogenic microorganisms or cells originating from another multicellular organism that could cause serious damage to the host.nBesides a histocompatibility polymorphism enabling the rejection of xenografts by means of cytotoxic reactions evidenced already in the evolution of sea sponges, the innate immune system evolved several strategies of discrimination between self and nonself, leading to an immune response. The response is triggered upon pathogen recognition by a set of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). These receptors recognize conserved molecular patterns shared by large groups of microorganisms. Recognition of these patterns allows the innate immune system not only to detect the presence of an infectious microbe but also to determine the type of the infecting pathogen. PRRs then activate conserved host defense signaling pathways that control the expression of a variety of immune response genes.nn

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

C - Chapter in a specialist book

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30102 - Immunology

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2018

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Book/collection name

Advances in Comparative Immunology

ISBN

978-3-319-76767-3

Number of pages of the result

12

Pages from-to

161-172

Number of pages of the book

1048

Publisher name

Springer International Publishing

Place of publication

New York

UT code for WoS chapter

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