Failure mechanisms of gas cylinder exposed to fire – a large-scale experimental study

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F61989100%3A27200%2F25%3A10256157" target="_blank" >RIV/61989100:27200/25:10256157 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423025001196?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopus" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950423025001196?pes=vor&utm_source=scopus&getft_integrator=scopus</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105661" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.jlp.2025.105661</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Failure mechanisms of gas cylinder exposed to fire – a large-scale experimental study

Original language description

The failure of high-pressure gas cylinders in fire scenarios presents a serious hazard due to the potential for explosion, fragmentation, and fireball formation. This study investigates the behavior of cylinders containingflammable (hydrogen, acetylene, liquefied petroleum gas – LPG) and non-flammable (oxygen, nitrogen) gases when exposed to fire, with an emphasis on destruction mechanisms, explosion pressure, and mitigation strategies.Large-scale experiments were conducted under realistic open-air and confined conditions, with parameters such as internal pressure, surface temperature, fireball size, overpressure, and fragment dispersion recorded.Each gas type was selected to represent a distinct failure mechanism: compressed gases demonstrated rapid rupture and pressure wave propagation; LPG cylinders exhibited BLEVE behavior with violent fragmentation;and acetylene, stored in dissolved form with fragmentation and fireball creation. Even non-flammable gases contributed to overpressure and fireball formation when interacting with ambient flammable vapors. Confinedspacetests confirmed significant amplification of overpressure and structural damage compared to open environments. Controlled destruction via shooting through the cylinder shell as an intervention proved effective inpreventing uncontrolled explosions by enabling safe venting under fire conditions. These findings provide essential safety data for the development of tactical guidelines, supporting improved risk assessment, emergencyplanning, and mitigation strategies in incidents involving high-pressure gas storage and transport.

Czech name

—

Czech description

—

Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

30305 - Occupational health

Project

<a href="/en/project/VK01030175" target="_blank" >VK01030175: Safety Concept of Hydrogen Technologies for Smart Cities and Regions</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries

ISSN

0950-4230

e-ISSN

1873-3352

Volume of the periodical

97

Issue of the periodical within the volume

105661

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

24

Pages from-to

1-24

UT code for WoS article

001491663600001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105004722337