Chernozem degradation in the Czech Republic over the last 50 years

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62156489%3A43410%2F18%3A43914413" target="_blank" >RIV/62156489:43410/18:43914413 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/S13.008" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/S13.008</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/S13.008" target="_blank" >10.5593/sgem2018/3.2/S13.008</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Chernozem degradation in the Czech Republic over the last 50 years

Original language description

Chernozem soil-type forms 11% of the agricultural land fund in the Czech Republic. It is located in the driest and warmest regions of the Czech Republic. It occurs up to an altitude of 300 m a. s. l. with an average annual temperature of 8 oC and an annual precipitation of 450 - 650 mm. The very thick humus horizon was formed by the accumulation of humus under the steppe or forest-steppe vegetation. In the Czech Republic, such land is exclusively used for agricultural purposes. Therefore, its character of steppe soil still remains. It is very good agricultural land. It suffers from a lack of water only occasionally and is suitable for the most demanding crops, such as sugar beet, maize, wheat, alfalfa and barley. However, massive degradation of chernozem soils is occurring due to inappropriate farming in the Czech Republic. During 1960 - 1972, an extensive soil survey was carried out in the former Czechoslovakia. The aim of this survey was not only a detailed mapping of individual soil types but also assessment of their physical and chemical properties. At present, there is a new project dealing with the degradation of the chernozem. In total, 45 soil pits have been excavated. The aim of the work is to determine the degradation degree of chernozem caused by anthropogenic activity, especially by water erosion. Compared to survey realized within 1960 - 1972, the humus content decreased significantly, on average by 0.75 % in topsoil and by 0.32 % in subsoil. There was detected a decrease in pH by 1 degree in topsoil and even by 1.2 in subsoil. Due to erosion, the topsoil layer was reduced by 25 - 35 cm. Significant degradation is manifested even by results of physical properties, especially air and water characteristics. Chernozem soils contain less humus, are more acid and have inconvenient air and water characteristics, when we compare our results with the survey realized in 1960 - 1972. Unfortunately, the unfavorable trend still continues.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

D - Article in proceedings

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

40104 - Soil science

Project

<a href="/en/project/QJ1230066" target="_blank" >QJ1230066: Effect of soil degradation on complex soil properties including conservation measures for restoration soil agroecological function</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2018

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Article name in the collection

SGEM2018. Water Resources. Forest, Marine and Ocean Ecosystems: Conference Proceedings

ISBN

978-619-7408-43-0

ISSN

1314-2704

e-ISSN

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Number of pages

7

Pages from-to

57-63

Publisher name

STEF92 Technology Ltd.

Place of publication

Sofie

Event location

Albena

Event date

Jul 2, 2018

Type of event by nationality

WRD - Celosvětová akce

UT code for WoS article

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