The Camel Adaptive Immune Receptors Repertoire as a Singular Example of Structural and Functional Genomics
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62157124%3A16170%2F19%3A43877329" target="_blank" >RIV/62157124:16170/19:43877329 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/62157124:16810/19:43877329
Result on the web
<a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997/full" target="_blank" >https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997/full</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00997" target="_blank" >10.3389/fgene.2019.00997</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
The Camel Adaptive Immune Receptors Repertoire as a Singular Example of Structural and Functional Genomics
Original language description
The adaptive immune receptors repertoire is highly plastic, with its ability to produce antigen-binding molecules and select those with high affinity for their antigen. Species have developed diverse genetic and structural strategies to create their respective repertoires required for their survival in the different environments. Camelids, until now, considered as a case of evolutionary innovation because of their only heavy-chain antibodies, represent a new mammalian model particularly useful for understanding the role of diversity in the immune system function. Here, we review the structural and functional characteristics and the current status of the genomic organization of camel immunoglobulins (IG) or antibodies, alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cell receptors (TR), and major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In camelid humoral response, in addition to the conventional antibodies, there are IG with "only-heavy-chain" (no light chain, and two identical heavy gamma chains lacking CH1 and with a VH domain designated as VHH). The unique features of these VHH offer advantages in biotechnology and for clinical applications. The TRG and TRD rearranged variable domains of Camelus dromedarius (Arabian camel) display somatic hypermutation (SHM), increasing the intrinsic structural stability in the gamma/delta heterodimer and influencing the affinity maturation to a given antigen similar to immunoglobulin genes. The SHM increases the dromedary gamma/delta repertoire diversity. In Camelus genus, the general structural organization of the TRB locus is similar to that of the other artiodactyl species, with a pool of TRBV genes positioned at the 5' end of three in tandem D-J-C clusters, followed by a single TRBV gene with an inverted transcriptional orientation located at the 3' end. At the difference of TRG and TRD, the diversity of the TRB variable domains is not shaped by SHM and depends from the classical combinatorial and junctional diversity. The MHC locus is located on chromosome 20 in Camelus dromedarius. Cytogenetic and comparative whole genome analyses revealed the order of the three major regions "Centromere-ClassII-ClassIII-ClassI". Unexpectedly low extent of polymorphisms and haplotypes was observed in all Old World camels despite different geographic origins.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
10608 - Biochemistry and molecular biology
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju
Others
Publication year
2019
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Frontiers in Genetics
ISSN
1664-8021
e-ISSN
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Volume of the periodical
10
Issue of the periodical within the volume
10
Country of publishing house
CH - SWITZERLAND
Number of pages
14
Pages from-to
997
UT code for WoS article
000497440500001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85074770925