Blastocystis colonization alters the gut microbiome and, in some cases, promotes faster recovery from induced colitis

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62157124%3A16170%2F22%3A43880084" target="_blank" >RIV/62157124:16170/22:43880084 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Blastocystis colonization alters the gut microbiome and, in some cases, promotes faster recovery from induced colitis

Original language description

Blastocystis sp. appears to be very common intestinal protist found in humans and animals, but its role in health and effect on the microbiome remains poorly understood. While Blastocystis is sometimes pathogenic and associated with inflammation and gastrointestinal symptoms, increasing number of studies show that Blastocystis if often present in asymptomatic people and is more common in health than in disease (e.g., IBD or IBS). The inconsistent view of Blastocystis in health and diseases reflects persistent gaps in the knowledge about factors influencing host colonization and also its interaction with the gut microbiome. In our study, we directly test the impact of Blastocystis ST3 colonization on the immune system and the gut bacterial microbiota alone and in combination with chemically induced colitis (induced by DNBS). We experimentally inoculated outbred rats withBlastocystis ST3 and then induced colitis after three weeks (short-term exposure experiment) and after three months (long-term exposure experiment) of colonization. We monitored the intensity of inflammation in colonized rats compared to the control groups based on the cytokine&apos;s gene xpression, macroscopic and microscopic observation, clinical data, and the bacterial microbiome. Our results show no effect of the short-term colonization on gut inflammation (after colitis induction), but the long-term exposure to Blastocystis ST3 appears to promote a faster recovery of rats from colitis (after colitis induction). Here, we detected a significant reduction in inflammatory markers (TNFalfa, IL-1beta) and in pathology two days after colitis induction in the colonized group, and clinical scores also improved in this group. In addition, we tested for the first time the effect of olonization duration on the gut microbiota. We characterize the gut bacterial community of fecal, colon and caecum samples using next generation sequencing. We found that Blastocystis ST3 colonization did not lead to an increase in the bacterial diversity before colitis. However, the bacterial diversity was higher in the colonized-group 2 days after colitis, but only in the long-term experiment. We found that Blastocystis colonization led to a change in the bacterial community before and after the induction of colitis, but the effect on the gut microbiota increased over time and after colitis. Our results suggest that Blastocystis ST3 is largely a benign colonizer of rats and it can promote recovery from induced colitis induction.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

40301 - Veterinary science

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů