Vertebrate genome evolution in the light of fish cytogenomics and rDNAomics

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F62690094%3A18470%2F18%3A50014339" target="_blank" >RIV/62690094:18470/18:50014339 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/9/2/96" target="_blank" >http://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/9/2/96</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes9020096" target="_blank" >10.3390/genes9020096</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Vertebrate genome evolution in the light of fish cytogenomics and rDNAomics

Original language description

To understand the cytogenomic evolution of vertebrates, we must first unravel the complex genomes of fishes, which were the first vertebrates to evolve and were ancestors to all other vertebrates. We must not forget the immense time span during which the fish genomes had to evolve. Fish cytogenomics is endowed with unique features which offer irreplaceable insights into the evolution of the vertebrate genome. Due to the general DNA base compositional homogeneity of fish genomes, fish cytogenomics is largely based on mapping DNA repeats that still represent serious obstacles in genome sequencing and assembling, even in model species. Localization of repeats on chromosomes of hundreds of fish species and populations originating from diversified environments have revealed the biological importance of this genomic fraction. Ribosomal genes (rDNA) belong to the most informative repeats and in fish, they are subject to a more relaxed regulation than in higher vertebrates. This can result in formation of a literal ‘rDNAome’ consisting of more than 20,000 copies with their high proportion employed in extra-coding functions. Because rDNA has high rates of transcription and recombination, it contributes to genome diversification and can form reproductive barrier. Our overall knowledge of fish cytogenomics grows rapidly by a continuously increasing number of fish genomes sequenced and by use of novel sequencing methods improving genome assembly. The recently revealed exceptional compositional heterogeneity in an ancient fish lineage (gars) sheds new light on the compositional genome evolution in vertebrates generally. We highlight the power of synergy of cytogenetics and genomics in fish cytogenomics, its potential to understand the complexity of genome evolution in vertebrates, which is also linked to clinical applications and the chromosomal backgrounds of speciation. We also summarize the current knowledge on fish cytogenomics and outline its main future avenues.

Czech name

—

Czech description

—

Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10601 - Cell biology

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2018

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Genes

ISSN

2073-4425

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

9

Issue of the periodical within the volume

2

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

27

Pages from-to

1-27

UT code for WoS article

000427518700042

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85042156234