Trade-offs Between Improvement of Thermal Comfort and Air Quality in Urban Environment Indicated by LES Model PALM Simulations in Prague Case Study

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985807%3A_____%2F23%3A00568773" target="_blank" >RIV/67985807:_____/23:00568773 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Trade-offs Between Improvement of Thermal Comfort and Air Quality in Urban Environment Indicated by LES Model PALM Simulations in Prague Case Study

Original language description

ZÁKLADNÍ ÚDAJE: AMS 2023: 103rd Annual Meeting Program Book. Denver: AMS, 2023. KONFERENCE: AMS 2023: American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting /103./. 08.01.2023-12.01.2023, Denver / Online. ABSTRAKT: Thermal comfort of city dwellers is at the forefront of the urban studies especially in connection with climate change. Many studies analyze the impact of urbanistic measures to counter the phenomenon known as Urban Heat Island (UHI) with one of the most popular being urban greenery. However, impact of these measures on air quality is not always considered. In this study an LES-based modeling system PALM 6.0 featuring an improved urban surface model (USM) was used to analyze micro-climate sensitivity with respect to potential UHI mitigation measures in a densely built-up residential area in Prague, Czech Republic, particularly in the vicinity of a typical crossroads. The use of an integrated modeling system allowed the analysis of the effects both on biothermal indicators and air quality. Two types of scenario simulations were designed. First, a set of synthetic scenarios changing surface and material parameters such as albedo or emissivity, by which the sensitivity of the model itself to potentially erroneous input data was tested. These showed the highest sensitivity to correct setting of surface parameters used in radiation balance equations. Second, a set of urbanistic scenarios was designed to assess the limits of effects of commonly considered UHI mitigation measures such as greening of the streets or altering surface materials. In this case, urban greenery is confirmed to be the most effective measure, especially when considering both physical and biophysical temperature indicators. On the other hand, analysis of air quality, specifically with respect to PM2.5 dispersion, showed opposite behavior to that of thermal indicators, i.e. improved thermal comfort brings deterioration of PM2.5 concentrations due to decreased ventilation of the street canyon and decreased vertical turbulent transport.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10509 - Meteorology and atmospheric sciences

Project

<a href="/en/project/TO01000219" target="_blank" >TO01000219: Turbulent-resolving urban modeling of air quality and thermal comfort</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2023

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů