Transition of the Karakoram anomaly under emerging hydroclimatic trends

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985807%3A_____%2F25%3A00645620" target="_blank" >RIV/67985807:_____/25:00645620 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180678" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180678</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180678" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.180678</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Transition of the Karakoram anomaly under emerging hydroclimatic trends

Original language description

The presence of a Karakoram Anomaly (KA) where, in contrast to most global glaciers, regional glaciers are reported to have either stable or quasi-positive mass balance commonly has been challenged by recent glacier mass balance studies in response to decadal variability in temperature and precipitation. Here, we examine the amplitude and temporal evolution of the KA by observing hydroclimatic (temperature, precipitation, snow and streamflow) trends in the extensive snow/glacier-fed Hunza River Basin (HRB). We use daily time series of in situ hydroclimatic data in combination with (reanalysis/satellite) products (1995–2021), and MODIS Snow Covered Area (SCA) (2001–2020) to quantify the persistence of KA. The Wavelet Transfer Function (WTF), Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA), and Mann-Kendall (MK) tests validated the direction and extent of secular hydroclimatic trends. We further establish a hydroclimatic relationship for HRB using an Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) incorporating more extensive variables of relative humidity and solar radiation for the model robustness. Transitioning of the KA to glacier mass loss is confirmed to be a result of climatic trends, and specifically summertime — focused enhanced intense warming, have triggered regional snow cover removal and increased streamflow. Mean annual near-surface temperatures in Khunjerab significantly increased by 0.33 and 0.26 n/decade from (1995–2021) based on analyses of data from ERA5 and stations, respectively. The SCA trends are primarily negative in summer and positive in winter, corresponding to enhanced winter flows. The WTF and ITA indicate a significant decline in SC during January, April, May, August and October. Temperature exhibits a significant causal relationship with streamflow, snow and relative humidity. Granger’s index and ANNs demonstrate that 2-m temperatures, snow cover, relative humidity, and solar radiation have stronger correlations to streamflow than precipitation.

Czech name

—

Czech description

—

Type

J_ost - Miscellaneous article in a specialist periodical

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10510 - Climatic research

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Science of the Total Environment

ISSN

0048-9697

e-ISSN

1879-1026

Volume of the periodical

1006

Issue of the periodical within the volume

December

Country of publishing house

NL - THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS

Number of pages

14

Pages from-to

180678

UT code for WoS article

—

EID of the result in the Scopus database

—