Hints of Disk Substructure in the First Brown Dwarf with a Dynamical Mass Constraint
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985815%3A90106%2F25%3A00646436" target="_blank" >RIV/67985815:90106/25:00646436 - isvavai.cz</a>
Result on the web
<a href="https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add71f" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add71f</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/add71f" target="_blank" >10.3847/2041-8213/add71f</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Hints of Disk Substructure in the First Brown Dwarf with a Dynamical Mass Constraint
Original language description
We present high-resolution Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations at 0.89 mm of the Class II brown dwarf 2MASS J04442713+2512164 (2M0444), achieving a spatial resolution of 0 .'' 046 (similar to 6.4 au at the distance to the source). These observations targeted continuum emission together with 12CO (3-2) molecular line. The line emission traces a Keplerian disk, allowing us to derive a dynamical mass between 0.043 and 0.092 M circle dot for the central object. We constrain the gas-to-dust disk size ratio to be similar to 7, consistent with efficient radial drift. However, the observed dust emission suggests that a dust trap is present, enough to retain some dust particles. We perform visibility fitting of the continuum emission, and under the assumption of annular substructure, our best fit shows a gap and a ring at 98.18.4+4.2 mas (similar to 14 au) and 116.04.8+4.2 mas (similar to 16 au), respectively, with a gap width of 20 mas (similar to 3 au). To ensure robustness, the data were analyzed through a variety of methods in both the image and uv planes, employing multiple codes and approaches. This tentative disk structure could be linked to a possible planetary companion in the process of formation. These results provide the first dynamical mass of the lowest mass object to date, together with the possible direct detection of a substructure, offering new insights into disk dynamics and planet formation in the very low-mass regime. Future higher spatial resolution ALMA observations will be essential to confirm these findings and further investigate the link between substructures and planet formation in brown dwarf disks.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
10308 - Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
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Others
Publication year
2025
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Astrophysical Journal Letters
ISSN
2041-8205
e-ISSN
2041-8213
Volume of the periodical
986
Issue of the periodical within the volume
1
Country of publishing house
US - UNITED STATES
Number of pages
15
Pages from-to
L11
UT code for WoS article
001503381100001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-105007802063