Azimuthal offsets in spiral arms of nearby galaxies

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985815%3A90106%2F25%3A00646727" target="_blank" >RIV/67985815:90106/25:00646727 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556175" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556175</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556175" target="_blank" >10.1051/0004-6361/202556175</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Azimuthal offsets in spiral arms of nearby galaxies

Original language description

Spiral arms play a central role in disc galaxies, but their dynamical nature remains a long-standing open question. Azimuthal offsets between molecular gas and star formation are expected if gas crosses spiral arms, as predicted by quasi-stationary density wave theory. In this work, we measure offsets between CO and H alpha peaks in radial bins for 24 galaxies from the PHANGS survey that display a well-delineated spiral structure. The offsets exhibit substantial scatter, implying that star formation is not exclusively initiated at a coherent spiral shock. We define offsets such that positive values mean H alpha peaks lie ahead of CO peaks in the direction of galactic rotation. With this convention, 14 galaxies show mean positive CO-H alpha offsets, typically of a few hundred parsecs. In four of these 14 galaxies (17% of the total), offsets become smaller with increasing radius, as expected for a single quasi-stationary spiral density wave. Ten galaxies (42%) show positive mean offsets but no clear correlation with radius, which is compatible with multiple overlapping modes. In the remaining ten galaxies (42%), we find no significantly positive offsets, which could point to transient dynamical spirals or material arms, where gas and stars co-rotate with the spiral perturbation. Across the full sample, we find mostly positive offsets between CO peaks and the gravitational potential minimum, confirming that gas often crosses the spiral perturbation. For the four galaxies with clear positive offsets and a radial trend, we derived pattern speeds in good agreement with the literature. Overall, our results suggest that even well-delineated spirals in the local Universe can arise from a variety of underlying dynamical mechanisms.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10308 - Astronomy (including astrophysics,space science)

Project

—

Continuities

—

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Astronomy & Astrophysics

ISSN

0004-6361

e-ISSN

1432-0746

Volume of the periodical

701

Issue of the periodical within the volume

Sept.

Country of publishing house

FR - FRANCE

Number of pages

21

Pages from-to

A183

UT code for WoS article

001571405400015

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105016365638