Alternative reductants for foam control during vitrification of high-iron High Level Waste (HLW) feeds
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F67985891%3A_____%2F23%3A00570896" target="_blank" >RIV/67985891:_____/23:00570896 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/60461373:22310/23:43928232
Result on the web
<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122240" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122240</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122240" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2023.122240</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Alternative reductants for foam control during vitrification of high-iron High Level Waste (HLW) feeds
Original language description
Foaming during vitrification of radioactive waste in Joule-Heated Ceramic Melters (JHCM) is exacerbated by trapping of evolving gases, such as CO2, NOx and O2, beneath a viscous reaction layer. Foaming restricts heat transfer during melting. Sucrose is employed as the baseline additive at the Hanford site in Washington State, USA to reduce foaming. Alternative carbon-based reductant additives were explored in simulated, inactive Hanford high-iron HLW-NG-Fe2 feeds, for both their effect on foaming and to give insight to the behaviour of multivalent species in glass melts under different redox conditions. Graphite, coke (93% C), formic acid and HEDTA additives were compared with sucrose, and a feed with no additive. Graphite and coke additions proved most effective in reducing the maximum foam volume by 51 +/- 3% and 54 +/- 2%, respectively, compared with 24 +/- 5% for sucrose. Lower foaming could result in more efficient vitrification in JHCMs. Reductants also affected redox ratios in the multivalent species present in the feed. The order of reduction, Mn3+/Mn2+ > Cr6+/Cr3+ > Ce3+/Ce4+ > Fe3+/Fe2+ was as predicted on the basis of their redox potentials. There is less reduction overall, particularly in the Fe3+> Fe2+, than predicted by the calculations, attributed to the oxygenated atmosphere of the experiments.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
20504 - Ceramics
Result continuities
Project
—
Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace
Others
Publication year
2023
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
ISSN
0022-3093
e-ISSN
1873-4812
Volume of the periodical
608
Issue of the periodical within the volume
MAY 15 2023
Country of publishing house
NL - THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS
Number of pages
14
Pages from-to
122240
UT code for WoS article
000952649200001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85149618491