International optimism: Correlates and consequences of dispositional optimism across 61 countries

Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68081740%3A_____%2F21%3A00541059" target="_blank" >RIV/68081740:_____/21:00541059 - isvavai.cz</a>
Result on the web
<a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jopy.12582" target="_blank" >https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jopy.12582</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12582" target="_blank" >10.1111/jopy.12582</a>

Result language
angličtina
Original language name
International optimism: Correlates and consequences of dispositional optimism across 61 countries
Original language description
Objective The current exploratory study sought to examine dispositional optimism, or the general expectation for positive outcomes, around the world. Method Dispositional optimism and possible correlates were assessed across 61 countries (N = 15,185, mean age = 21.92, 77% female). Mean-level differences in optimism were computed along with their relationships with individual and country-level variables. Results Worldwide, mean optimism levels were above the midpoint of the scale. Perhaps surprisingly, country-level optimism was negatively related to gross domestic product per capita, population density, and democratic norms and positively related to income inequality and perceived corruption. However, country-level optimism was positively related to projected economic improvement. Individual-level optimism was positively related to individual well-being within every country, although this relationship was less strong in countries with challenging economic and social circumstances. Conclusions While individuals around the world are generally optimistic, societal characteristics appear to affect the degree to which their optimism is associated with psychological well-being, sometimes in seemingly anomalous ways.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
50101 - Psychology (including human - machine relations)

Project
Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.
Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year
2021
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

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