Life History of the Oldest Lentivirus: Characterization of ELVgv Integrations in the Dermopteran Genome

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68378050%3A_____%2F16%3A00471920" target="_blank" >RIV/68378050:_____/16:00471920 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw149" target="_blank" >http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw149</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msw149" target="_blank" >10.1093/molbev/msw149</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Life History of the Oldest Lentivirus: Characterization of ELVgv Integrations in the Dermopteran Genome

Original language description

Endogenous retroviruses are genomic elements formed by germline infiltration by originally exogenous viruses. These molecular fossils provide valuable information about the evolution of the retroviral family. Lentiviruses are an extensively studied genus of retroviruses infecting a broad range of mammals. Despite a wealth of information on their modern evolution, little is known about their origins. This is partially due to the scarcity of their endogenous forms. Recently, an endogenous lentivirus, ELVgv, was discovered in the genome of the Malayan colugo (order Dermoptera). This represents the oldest lentiviral evidence available and promises to lead to further insights into the history of this genus. In this study, we analyzed ELVgv integrations at several genomic locations in four distinct colugo specimens covering all the extant dermopteran species. We confirmed ELVgv integrations in all the specimens examined, which implies that the virus originated before the dermopteran diversification. Using a locus-specific dermopteran substitution rate, we estimated that the proviral integrations occurred 21-40 Ma. Using phylogenetic analysis, we estimated that ELVgv invaded an ancestor of today's Dermoptera in an even more distant past. We also provide evidence of selective pressure on the TRIM5 antiviral restriction factor, something usually taken as indirect evidence of past retroviral infections. Interestingly, we show that TRIM5 was under strong positive selection pressure only in the common dermopteran ancestor, where the ELVgv endogenization occurred. Further experiments are required to determine whether ELVgv participated in the TRIM5 selection.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_x - Unclassified - Peer-reviewed scientific article (Jimp, Jsc and Jost)

CEP classification

EB - Genetics and molecular biology

OECD FORD branch

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Project

<a href="/en/project/LK11215" target="_blank" >LK11215: Regulation of active endogenous retroviruses in the mammalian genome</a><br>

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2016

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Molecular Biology and Evolution

ISSN

0737-4038

e-ISSN

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Volume of the periodical

33

Issue of the periodical within the volume

10

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

11

Pages from-to

2659-2669

UT code for WoS article

000384205900016

EID of the result in the Scopus database

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