Mass composition from 3 EeV to 100 EeV using the depth of the maximum of air-shower profiles estimated with deep learning using surface detector data of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F68378271%3A_____%2F24%3A00635906" target="_blank" >RIV/68378271:_____/24:00635906 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://pos.sissa.it/444/278/pdf" target="_blank" >https://pos.sissa.it/444/278/pdf</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.444.0278" target="_blank" >10.22323/1.444.0278</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Mass composition from 3 EeV to 100 EeV using the depth of the maximum of air-shower profiles estimated with deep learning using surface detector data of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Original language description

We present a new analysis for estimating the depth of the maximum of air-shower profiles, Xmax , to investigate the evolution of the ultra-high-energy cosmic ray mass composition from 3 to 100 EeV. We use a recently developed deep-learning-based technique for the reconstruction of Xmax from the data of the surface detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. To avoid systematic uncertainties arising from hadronic interaction models in the simulation of surface detector data, we calibrate the new reconstruction technique with observations of the fluorescence detector. Using the novel analysis, we have a 10-fold increase of statistics at E>5 EeV with respect to fluorescence detector data. We are able, for the first time, to study the evolution of the mean and standard deviation of the Xmax distributions up to 100 EeV. We find an excellent agreement with fluorescence observations and confirm the increase of the mean logarithmic mass <lnA> and a decrease of the Xmax fluctuations with energy. The Xmax measurement at the highest --- so far inaccessible --- energies is consistent with a pure mass composition and a mean logarithmic mass of around ∼3 (estimated using the Sibyll 2.3d and the EPOS-LHC hadronic interaction models). Furthermore, with the increase in statistics, we find indications for a structure beyond a constant elongation rate in the evolution of Xmax.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

D - Article in proceedings

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10303 - Particles and field physics

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Article name in the collection

Proceedings of Science

ISBN

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ISSN

1824-8039

e-ISSN

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Number of pages

13

Pages from-to

278

Publisher name

Sissa Medilab srl

Place of publication

Trieste

Event location

Nagoya

Event date

Jul 26, 2023

Type of event by nationality

WRD - Celosvětová akce

UT code for WoS article

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