Recovery of hydrochloric acid and critical raw materials from an effluent of the copper electrorefining process using electromembrane reactors

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F70883521%3A28110%2F25%3A63594558" target="_blank" >RIV/70883521:28110/25:63594558 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383586625011839?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1383586625011839?via%3Dihub</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132586" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.seppur.2025.132586</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Recovery of hydrochloric acid and critical raw materials from an effluent of the copper electrorefining process using electromembrane reactors

Original language description

Highly concentrated acids are used to regenerate ion-exchange resins that are applied for the removal of metallic impurities (i.e. antimony, arsenic and bismuth) from spent copper electrorefining baths, thus generating acidic effluents. In this work, the recovery of critical raw materials and HCl from a real effluent is evaluated by electrodeposition using reactors with and without membrane separators. First, four reduction peaks were detected by cyclic voltammetry, and their correspondence to the pairs Cu(II)/Cu(I), As(III)/As, Sb(III)/Sb, Bi(III)/Bi, and Cu(I)/Cu was confirmed by potentiostatic electrodeposition and elemental analysis of the deposits. A high selectivity towards antimony deposition over arsenic and copper was achieved at the least cathodic applied potential (−0.25 VAg/AgCl), obtaining a deposit with 85 wt% of antimony and bismuth as the second most deposited metal. At more cathodic potentials, deposition of copper takes place and the antimony content in the deposits decreases. Galvanostatic electrodeposition tests were carried out using a three-compartment reactor. Results showed that the transport rate of Cl- ions through the anion-exchange membrane is too slow to recover highly concentrated HCl in a separate compartment. However, electrodeposition of the main elements present in the real effluent makes possible obtaining impurity-free HCl (4.8 M) in the cathodic compartment. The complete recovery of antimony (100 %) and almost complete recovery of bismuth (95 %) and copper (90 %) were achieved after 4 h working at −100 mA·cm−2. Tests conducted with a single-compartment reactor confirmed that formation of chlorine gas at the anode causes the redissolution of the metals deposited at the cathode, thus revealing that electromembrane reactors improve the electrodeposition current efficiency.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

20402 - Chemical process engineering

Project

—

Continuities

V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Separation and Purification Technology

ISSN

1383-5866

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

364

Issue of the periodical within the volume

Part 3

Country of publishing house

NL - THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS

Number of pages

12

Pages from-to

nestránkováno

UT code for WoS article

001451544200001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105000121782