Two-Year Follow-Up of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Professionals
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F71009396%3A_____%2F25%3AN0000011" target="_blank" >RIV/71009396:_____/25:N0000011 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/61988987:17110/25:A2603CFW
Result on the web
<a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/11/1163" target="_blank" >https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/13/11/1163</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines13111163" target="_blank" >10.3390/vaccines13111163</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Two-Year Follow-Up of Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Healthcare Professionals
Original language description
Background/Objectives: Following the global spread of SARS-CoV-2, there was an urgent need for vaccine development to support immune protection. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of active and hybrid immunity on the durability of immunoglobulin G (IgG), neutralizing antibodies, and cellular immune responses over a two-year period. Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted from February 2021 to December 2023 at the Public Health Institute in Ostrava, Czech Republic. Anti-S IgG was measured using ELISA (Euroimmun), neutralizing antibodies via an in-house virus neustralization test (VNT), and cellular immune response using the IGRA test (ELISA, Euroimmun). Participants also completed a questionnaire on demographics, COVID-19 history, symptoms, and vaccination. Statistical analysis included descriptive and non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis) at a 5% significance level. Results: The cohort included 149 individuals, 97.3% of whom were vaccinated with Comirnaty (Pfizer/BioNTech). A total of 17% had confirmed infection prior to vaccination and showed up to two-fold higher neutralizing antibody levels (p < 0.001) within 2-6 weeks postvaccination. Postvaccination infection was reported in 35% of participants. Although antibody levels declined over the 2-100 week period, participants remained seropositive across all three parameters. Cellular immune response (interferon-gamma) remained consistently high throughout follow-up. Conclusions: The study demonstrates long-term durability of IgG and neutralizing antibodies and confirms durable cellular immunity up to two years postvaccination. Hybrid immunity significantly enhanced neutralizing antibody levels, supporting its added value in protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
30102 - Immunology
Result continuities
Project
—
Continuities
V - Vyzkumna aktivita podporovana z jinych verejnych zdroju
Others
Publication year
2025
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Vaccines
ISSN
2076-393X
e-ISSN
2076-393X
Volume of the periodical
13
Issue of the periodical within the volume
11
Country of publishing house
CH - SWITZERLAND
Number of pages
14
Pages from-to
1-14
UT code for WoS article
001625964300001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-105023162188