Impact of winter warming on CO2 fluxes in evergreen needleleaf forests

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F86652079%3A_____%2F25%3A00618186" target="_blank" >RIV/86652079:_____/25:00618186 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/22/1393/2025/" target="_blank" >https://bg.copernicus.org/articles/22/1393/2025/</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-1393-2025" target="_blank" >10.5194/bg-22-1393-2025</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Impact of winter warming on CO2 fluxes in evergreen needleleaf forests

Original language description

Compared to drought and heat waves, the impact of winter warming on forest CO2 fluxes has been less studied, despite its significant relevance in colder regions with higher soil carbon content. Our objective was to test the effect of the exceptionally warm winter of 2020 on the winter CO2 budget of cold-adapted evergreen needleleaf forests across Europe and identify the contribution of climate factors to changes in winter CO2 fluxes. Our hypothesis was that warming in winter leads to higher emissions across colder sites due to increased ecosystem respiration. To test this hypothesis, we used 98 site-year eddy covariance measurements across 14 evergreen needleleaf forests (ENFs) distributed from the north to the south of Europe (from Sweden to Italy). We used a data-driven approach to quantify the effect of radiation, air temperature, and soil temperature on changes in CO2 fluxes during the warm winter of 2020. Our results showed that warming in winter decreased forest net ecosystem productivity (NEP) significantly across most sites. The contribution of climate variables to CO2 fluxes varied across the sites: in southern regions with warmer mean temperatures, radiation had a greater influence on NEP. Conversely, at colder sites, air temperature played a more critical role in affecting NEP. During the warm winter of 2020, colder regions experienced larger air temperature anomalies compared to the other sites, however we did not observe a significantly larger increase at colder sites due to winter warming. The varying responses of NEP across different sites highlight the complex interactions between climate variables such as air temperature, soil temperature, and radiation. These findings underscore the importance of integrating winter warming effects to more accurately predict the impacts of climate change on forest carbon dynamics.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

40102 - Forestry

Project

<a href="/en/project/LM2023048" target="_blank" >LM2023048: Czech Carbon Observation System</a><br>

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Biogeosciences

ISSN

1726-4170

e-ISSN

1726-4189

Volume of the periodical

22

Issue of the periodical within the volume

5

Country of publishing house

DE - GERMANY

Number of pages

18

Pages from-to

1393-1411

UT code for WoS article

001442240800001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105000069307