Risk factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness identified from 290 cross-country observational studies until February 2022 : a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00023001%3A_____%2F22%3A00083475" target="_blank" >RIV/00023001:_____/22:00083475 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/75010330:_____/22:00014088 RIV/00216208:11110/22:10450974 RIV/00216208:11120/22:43924351 RIV/68407700:21460/22:00365101

Result on the web

<a href="https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-022-02663-z" target="_blank" >https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-022-02663-z</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-022-02663-z" target="_blank" >10.1186/s12916-022-02663-z</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Risk factors affecting COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness identified from 290 cross-country observational studies until February 2022 : a meta-analysis and meta-regression

Original language description

Background Observational studies made it possible to assess the impact of risk factors on the long-term effectiveness of mRNA and adenoviral vector (AdV) vaccines against COVID-19. Methods A computerized literature search was undertaken using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and MedRxiv databases to identify eligible studies, with no language restrictions, published up to 28 February 2022. Eligible were observational studies assessing vaccine effectiveness (VE) by disease severity with reference groups of unvaccinated participants or participants immunized with one, two, or three vaccine doses. Our study was carried out in compliance with the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. The risk of study bias was identified using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. The GRADE guidelines were applied to assess the strength of evidence for the primary outcome. The synthesis was conducted using a meta-analysis and meta-regression. Results Out of a total of 14,155 publications, 290 studies were included. Early VE of full vaccination against COVID-19 of any symptomatology and severity decreased from 96% (95% CI, 95-96%) for mRNA and from 86% (95% CI, 83-89%) for AdV vaccines to 67% for both vaccine types in the last 2 months of 2021. A similar 1-year decline from 98 to 86% was found for severe COVID-19 after full immunization with mRNA, but not with AdV vaccines providing persistent 82-87% effectiveness. Variant-reduced VE was only associated with Omicron regardless of disease severity, vaccine type, or vaccination completeness. The level of protection was reduced in participants aged &gt;65 years, with a comorbidity or those in long-term care or residential homes independently of the number of doses received. The booster effect of the third mRNA dose was unclear because incompletely restored effectiveness, regardless of disease severity, declined within a short-term interval of 4 months. Conclusions Full vaccination provided an early high, yet waning level of protection against COVID-19 of any severity with a strong impact on the high-risk population. Moreover, the potential risk of new antigenically distinct variants should not be underestimated, and any future immunization strategy should include variant-updated vaccines.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

30302 - Epidemiology

Project

<a href="/en/project/NU22-A-125" target="_blank" >NU22-A-125: The impact of SARS-CoV-2 on early manifestation of acute coronary syndrome, its complications and polyvascular disease</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2022

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

BMC medicine

ISSN

1741-7015

e-ISSN

1741-7015

Volume of the periodical

20

Issue of the periodical within the volume

1

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

12

Pages from-to

"art. no. 461"

UT code for WoS article

000888748300003

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85142487402