Anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on polarized macrophages and its dependence on the mevalonate pathway

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00023001%3A_____%2F25%3A00085685" target="_blank" >RIV/00023001:_____/25:00085685 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/00216208:11110/25:10499093 RIV/00216208:11310/25:10499093

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-02418-9" target="_blank" >https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-02418-9</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-02418-9" target="_blank" >10.1038/s41598-025-02418-9</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Anti-inflammatory effect of fluvastatin on polarized macrophages and its dependence on the mevalonate pathway

Original language description

The study focuses on the effects of fluvastatin on immunomarkers of the M1 and M2 macrophages and its direct role in macrophage (M0) polarization. Moreover, it investigates the dependency of immunomodulatory properties of fluvastatin on the mevalonate pathway. Macrophages (M0, M1, M2), differentiated from human blood monocytes, were treated with fluvastatin. Mevalonate and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate intermediates were introduced to assess the mevalonate pathway dependence. The immunomarkers were evaluated with qPCR, ELISA, Griess assay, and flow cytometry. Fluvastatin significantly reduces the pro-inflammatory gene expression (NFκB, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS) in M1 while enhancing the anti-inflammatory markers (Arg-1, TGFβ) in M2 macrophages. The production of the TNFα, IL-1β, and IL-6 cytokines is reduced in M1, and IL-10 production increased in M2 macrophages. Fluvastatin decreases the iNOS activity in M1 macrophages. The intermediates reverse the fluvastatin’s effects on anti-inflammatory gene expression by M2 macrophages, cytokine production (by M1 and M2 macrophages), and iNOS activity (by M1 macrophages). Their impact on surface marker expression was somewhat limited. These findings demonstrate that fluvastatin exerts anti-inflammatory effects on polarized macrophages without affecting polarization per se and also highlight the dependency on the mevalonate pathway. This study deepens the understanding of statins’ immunomodulatory mechanisms, suggesting potential applications in treating inflammatory diseases. © The Author(s) 2025.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10700 - Other natural sciences

Project

<a href="/en/project/LX22NPO5104" target="_blank" >LX22NPO5104: National Institute for Research of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Scientific reports

ISSN

2045-2322

e-ISSN

2045-2322

Volume of the periodical

15

Issue of the periodical within the volume

1

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

12

Pages from-to

"art. no. 19237"

UT code for WoS article

001501594400035

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105006975870