Perspectives of cannabis-based medicines in a view of pharmacokinetic studies of Δ9-THC and CBD in humans

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00159816%3A_____%2F25%3A00082550" target="_blank" >RIV/00159816:_____/25:00082550 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/00216224:14160/25:00144038

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332225008674" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0753332225008674</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118673" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118673</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Perspectives of cannabis-based medicines in a view of pharmacokinetic studies of Δ9-THC and CBD in humans

Original language description

The pharmacokinetic (PK) profiling of major plant cannabinoids (phytocannabinoids, PCs), i.e., Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) and cannabidiol (CBD), is an important contribution to the search for novel therapeutic applications, optimal drug formulations and time of dosing in specific disease conditions. Final products of medicinal cannabis with dominant content of Δ9-THC or CBD or equal composition of both PCs are available in multiple formulations, and can also be administered via different routes, including inhalation (smoking/vaporization), oral consumption, or topical application. Clinical studies on healthy volunteers and patients demonstrate how dosage, route of administration, co-administered compounds, and formulation types influence PK parameters, such as Cmax, Tmax, and AUC values. This comprehensive review explores the PK and clinical applications of Δ9-THC and CBD with emphasis on the metabolism of both compounds, and therapeutic and side effects reported in preclinical and clinical trials performed in the past 5 years. In patients, both PCs demonstrate efficacy for conditions such as epilepsy, chronic pain, and anxiety. However, Δ9-THC and CBD undergo extensive hepatic metabolism primarily via cytochrome P450 enzymes, producing both active and inactive metabolites, with interindividual variability influenced by genetics, sex, and drug interactions. Moreover, various drug formulations, including oral, inhaled, transdermal, and oromucosal, affect the PK profile and therapeutic efficacy of each compound, although novel delivery systems (e.g., nanoformulations, inhaled powders) show promise in enhancing bioavailability. This review highlights the need for individualized dosing strategies, considering patient-specific factors, and underscores the necessity for further research into formulation development and long-term safety. (C) 2025 The Authors.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_SC - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the SCOPUS database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30104 - Pharmacology and pharmacy

Project

—

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Biomedicine &amp; Pharmacotherapy

ISSN

0753-3322

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

192

Issue of the periodical within the volume

November

Country of publishing house

FR - FRANCE

Number of pages

27

Pages from-to

118673

UT code for WoS article

—

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105020851954