Dissipation of sarin, soman, and sulfur mustard from various types of crushed concrete
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00179906%3A_____%2F25%3A10495124" target="_blank" >RIV/00179906:_____/25:10495124 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/60162694:G44__/26:00564226 RIV/60162694:G45__/26:00564226 RIV/00216305:26310/26:0200531
Result on the web
<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=sAnTGWf0aX" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=sAnTGWf0aX</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137495" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137495</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Dissipation of sarin, soman, and sulfur mustard from various types of crushed concrete
Original language description
The behavior of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) on urban materials, such as concrete, significantly impacts forensic and military responses to chemical incidents. This study examined the persistence and degradation mechanisms of sarin (GB), soman (GD), and sulfur mustard (HD) on three types of commonly used concrete with varying water-cement ratios. Over two months, we evaluated the effects of concrete composition, temperature, and fragment size on CWA behavior. Half-lives and activation energies for CWA dissipation were calculated under various conditions. Results showed that concrete properties and external temperature strongly influenced dissipation rates. G-series agents underwent rapid hydrolysis, forming methylphosphonates, while HD degradation involved elimination, nucleophilic substitution, and oxidation, producing several previously unreported byproducts. Smaller concrete fragments increased recovery values and accelerated degradation due to greater surface area exposure, and higher temperatures further enhanced dissipation rates, particularly for volatile agents. Differences in dissipation among concrete types were linked to their physical and chemical properties, notably water-cement ratios. This study highlights the challenges of detecting CWAs due to their rapid penetration and transformation in concrete and provides insights for improving sampling, identification, and decontamination strategies under realistic conditions.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
30304 - Public and environmental health
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace
Others
Publication year
2025
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Journal of Hazardous Materials
ISSN
0304-3894
e-ISSN
1873-3336
Volume of the periodical
488
Issue of the periodical within the volume
MAY
Country of publishing house
NL - THE KINGDOM OF THE NETHERLANDS
Number of pages
12
Pages from-to
137495
UT code for WoS article
001424345200001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85216839976