Why Are Branched-Chain Amino Acids Increased in Starvation and Diabetes?
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11150%2F20%3A10416064" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11150/20:10416064 - isvavai.cz</a>
Result on the web
<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=jiHjIfP2Ej" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=jiHjIfP2Ej</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103087" target="_blank" >10.3390/nu12103087</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Why Are Branched-Chain Amino Acids Increased in Starvation and Diabetes?
Original language description
Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs; valine, leucine, and isoleucine) are increased in starvation and diabetes mellitus. However, the pathogenesis has not been explained. It has been shown that BCAA catabolism occurs mostly in muscles due to high activity of BCAA aminotransferase, which converts BCAA and α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) to branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) and glutamate. The loss of α-KG from the citric cycle (cataplerosis) is attenuated by glutamate conversion to α-KG in ALT and AST reactions, in which glycolysis is the main source of amino group acceptors, pyruvate and oxaloacetate. Irreversible oxidation of BCKA by BCKA dehydrogenase is sensitive to BCKA supply and ratios of NADH to NAD+ and acyl-CoA to CoA-SH. It is hypothesized that decreased glycolysis and increased fatty acid oxidation, characteristic features of starvation and diabetes, cause in muscles alterations resulting in increased BCAA levels. The main alterations include (i) decreased supply of α-KG by the citric acid cycle; (ii) impaired conversion of glutamate to α-KG due to decreased supply of pyruvate and oxaloacetate, and (iii) inhibitory influence of NADH and acyl-CoAs produced in fatty acid oxidation on BCKA dehydrogenase. The studies supporting the hypothesis and pros and cons of elevated BCAA concentrations are discussed in the article.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
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OECD FORD branch
30308 - Nutrition, Dietetics
Result continuities
Project
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Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace
Others
Publication year
2020
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Nutrients
ISSN
2072-6643
e-ISSN
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Volume of the periodical
12
Issue of the periodical within the volume
10
Country of publishing house
CH - SWITZERLAND
Number of pages
15
Pages from-to
3087
UT code for WoS article
000585450600001
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85092518504