Et latet et lucet: Discoveries from the Phyletisches Museum amber and copal collection in Jena, Germany

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216208%3A11310%2F24%3A10483191" target="_blank" >RIV/00216208:11310/24:10483191 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=PBGldnclEl" target="_blank" >https://verso.is.cuni.cz/pub/verso.fpl?fname=obd_publikace_handle&handle=PBGldnclEl</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.71.112433" target="_blank" >10.3897/dez.71.112433</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Et latet et lucet: Discoveries from the Phyletisches Museum amber and copal collection in Jena, Germany

Original language description

As the only direct records of the history of evolution, it is critical to determine the geological source of biota-bearing fossils. Through the application of synchrotron-radiation micro-computed tomography (SR-µ-CT), Fourier-transformed infrared-spectroscopy (FT-IR), visual evaluation of ultraviolet fluorescence (UV-VS), radiocarbon dating ((14)C quantification), and historical sleuthing, we were able to identify and sort 161 (83 Baltic amber, 71 Copal and 7 Kauri gum pieces) individually numbered and largely mislabeled pieces of East African Defaunation resin (~145 years old) and copal (~390 years old), as well as Baltic amber (~35 million years old) from the Phyletisches Museum collection. Based on this collection, we define two new species: double dagger Amphientomum knorrei Weingardt, Bock &amp; Boudinot, sp. nov. (Psocodea: Amphientomidae, copal) and dagger Baltistena nigrispinata Batelka, Troger &amp; Bock, sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Mordellidae, Baltic amber). For selected taxa, we provide systematic reviews of the fossil record, including: Amphientomidae, for which we provide a key to all species of Amphientomum, extant and extinct, and recognize the junior synonymy of Am. ectostriolatum Li, 2002 (an unjustified emendation) under Am. ectostriolate Li, 1999 (syn. nov.); the fossil ant genus dagger Yantaromyrmex and the clades Dorylinae, Plagiolepidini, Camponotus, Crematogaster, and Pheidole (Formicidae); the Nevrorthidae (Neuroptera); and Doliopygus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Platypodinae). We synonymize Palaeoseopsis Enderlein, 1925 with Amphientomum Pictet, 1854, syn. nov. and transfer one species from Amphientomum, forming Lithoseopsis indentatum (Turner, 1975), comb. nov. To prevent the uncritical usage of unidentifiable fossils attributed to Camponotus for macroevolutionary analysis, we transfer 29 species to the form genus dagger Camponotites Steinbach, 1967, which we consider to be most useful as incertae sedis in the Formicinae. We treat dagger Ctt. ullrichi (Bachmayer, 1960), comb. nov. as unidentifiable hence invalid stat. nov. We also transfer dagger Ca. mengei Mayr, 1868 and its junior synonym dagger Ca. igneus Mayr, 1868 to a new genus, dagger Eocamponotus Boudinot, gen. nov., which is incertae sedis in the Camponotini. Concluding our revision of Camponotus fossils, we transfer dagger Ca. palaeopterus (Zhang, 1989) to Liometopum (Dolichoderinae), resulting in dagger L. palaeopterum comb. nov. and the junior synonymy of dagger Shanwangella Zhang, 1989, syn. nov. under Liometopum Mayr, 1861. Because the type specimens of the genera dagger Palaeosminthurus Pierce &amp; Gibron, 1962, stat. rev. and dagger Pseudocamponotus Carpenter, 1930 are unidentifiable due to poor preservation, we consider these taxa unidentifiable hence invalid stat. nov. To avoid unsupported use of the available fossils names attributed to Crematogaster for divergence dating calibration points, we transfer three species to a new collective taxon that is incertae sedis in Myrmicinae, dagger Incertogaster Boudinot, gen. nov., forming dagger In. aurora (LaPolla &amp; Greenwalt, 2015), dagger In. praecursor (Emery, 1891), comb. nov., and dagger In. primitiva (Radchenko &amp; Dlussky, 2019), comb. nov. Finally, we transfer dagger Ph. cordata (Holl, 1829) back to Pheidole, and designate a neotype from our copal collection based on all available evidence. All new species plus the neotype of double dagger Ph. cordata are depicted with 3D cybertypes from our µ-CT scan data. We introduce the convention of a double dagger symbol (double dagger) to indicate fossils in copal or Defaunation resin, as these may yet be extant. To further contextualize our results, we provide a discussion of amber history and classification, as well as the Kleinkuhren locality, to which multiple specimens were attributed. We conclude with conspecti on key biological problems and increasing potential of µ-CT for phylogenetic paleontology.

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10613 - Zoology

Project

<a href="/en/project/EF19_073%2F0016935" target="_blank" >EF19_073/0016935: Grant schemes at Charles University</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)<br>S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach<br>I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift

ISSN

1435-1951

e-ISSN

1860-1324

Volume of the periodical

71

Issue of the periodical within the volume

1

Country of publishing house

BG - BULGARIA

Number of pages

66

Pages from-to

111-176

UT code for WoS article

001223734400001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85185465520