Evolution of approaches in self-defence: from belief through experience to evidence-based self-defence training

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14510%2F18%3A00106849" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14510/18:00106849 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Evolution of approaches in self-defence: from belief through experience to evidence-based self-defence training

Original language description

Background and Study Aim: In history, different purposes lead to learning how to fight. Traditionally, there were and are martial arts based on rituals and intuition. Fighting was institutionalised in combat sports. Then scientific, or quasi-scientific approach to self-defence was more and more highlighted. Together with the evolution of thinking, the way of understanding the process of learning self-defence changed. A. Comte stated three general stages of the knowledge as fictitious, abstract and scientific. The purpose of this theoretical study is knowledge about approaches in self-defence. Material and Methods: Theoretical methods were used for analysis in this article. The statements in this paper are based on analogy based on three general stages of the knowledge by A. Comte. For analysis of self-defence systems, induction and deduction were used to categorise them systematically. Comparison of different approaches in self-defence is used for the mixed assessments of three elements of self-defence learning as the student, the instructor, and the system. Results: This article describes three fundamental approaches to self-defence training. We come out from the basic paradigm of fighting as a natural process. At the lowest level of evolution is self-defence training based on belief. Belief is irrational and without direct relation to reality. The second level of self-defence training based on experience is close to reality and grows out from reality. At the highest level of evolution is self-defence training based on evidence. Currently, there is not enough scientific information to achieve this level. At the same time, any self-defence system should be based on the evidence, the instructor should be well educated and experienced, and student should be motivated and should believe in the system and the instructor. Conclusions: This approach calls for close co-operation between security forces and the academic community. On the other hand, there is need to re-define self-defence, self-protection, and personal safety, as the way of physical defence from the attack, the way of protecting the body in an unexpected situation, and the way of being in safe both physically and mentally.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

30306 - Sport and fitness sciences

Project

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Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2018

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Archives of Budo

ISSN

1643-8698

e-ISSN

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Volume of the periodical

14

Issue of the periodical within the volume

2018

Country of publishing house

PL - POLAND

Number of pages

6

Pages from-to

345-350

UT code for WoS article

000464608200001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85065134100