Temperature stress impairs centromere structure and segregation of meiotic chromosomes in Arabidopsis

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216224%3A14740%2F24%3A00139131" target="_blank" >RIV/00216224:14740/24:00139131 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://meetings.embo.org/event/24-plant-genome" target="_blank" >https://meetings.embo.org/event/24-plant-genome</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Temperature stress impairs centromere structure and segregation of meiotic chromosomes in Arabidopsis

Original language description

Heat stress is a major threat to global crop production, and understanding its impact on plant fertility is crucial for developing climate-resilient crops. Plants exposed to increased temperature have reduced fertility due to decreased pollen viability, which is accompanied by altered chromosome segregation. However, molecular causes underlying this phenomenon are not well understood. We investigated the impact of elevated temperature on centromere structure and chromosome segregation during meiosis in Arabidopsis thaliana. Heat stress leads to a decline in fertility and micronuclei formation in pollen mother cells. We found that elevated temperature causes a decrease in the amount of centromeric histone and the kinetochore protein BMF1 at meiotic centromeres with increasing temperature. Furthermore, we show that heat stress increases the duration of meiotic divisions and prolongs the activity of the spindle assembly checkpoint during meiosis I, indicating an impaired efficiency of the kinetochore attachments to spindle microtubules. Our analysis of cenh3 mutants with reduced levels of centromeric histone suggests that weakened centromeres sensitize plants to elevated temperature, resulting in meiotic defects and reduced fertility even at moderate temperatures. These results indicate that the structure and functionality of meiotic centromeres in Arabidopsis are highly sensitive to heat stress, and suggest that centromeres and kinetochores may represent a critical bottleneck in plant adaptation to increasing temperatures.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10611 - Plant sciences, botany

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů