Heat Effects during the Operation of Lead-Acid Batteries

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216305%3A26220%2F24%3APU151387" target="_blank" >RIV/00216305:26220/24:PU151387 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/5/148" target="_blank" >https://www.mdpi.com/2313-0105/10/5/148</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/batteries10050148" target="_blank" >10.3390/batteries10050148</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Heat Effects during the Operation of Lead-Acid Batteries

Original language description

Thermal events in lead-acid batteries during their operation play an important role; they affect not only the reaction rate of ongoing electrochemical reactions, but also the rate of discharge and self-discharge, length of service life and, in critical cases, can even cause a fatal failure of the battery, known as “thermal runaway.” This contribution discusses the parameters affecting the thermal state of the lead-acid battery. It was found by calculations and measurements that there is a cooling component in the lead-acid battery system which is caused by the endothermic discharge reactions and electrolysis of water during charging, related to entropy change contribution. Thus, under certain circumstances, it is possible to lower the temperature of the lead-acid battery during its discharging. The Joule heat generated on the internal resistance of the cell due to current flow, the exothermic charging reaction, and above all, the gradual increase in polarization as the cell voltage increases during charging all contribute to the heating of the cell, overtaking the cooling effect. Of these three sources of thermal energy, Joule heating in polarization resistance contributes the most to the temperature rise in the lead-acid battery. Thus, the maximum voltage reached determines the slope of the temperature rise in the lead-acid battery cell, and by a suitably chosen limiting voltage, it is possible to limit the danger of the “thermal runaway” effect. The overall thermal conditions of the experimental cell are significantly affected by the ambient temperature of the external environment and the rate of heat transfer through the walls of the calorimeter. A series of experiments with direct temperature measurement of individual locations within a lead-acid battery uses a calorimeter made of expanded polystyrene to minimize external influences. A hitherto unpublished phenomenon is discussed whereby the temperature of the positive electrode was lower than that of the negati

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10405 - Electrochemistry (dry cells, batteries, fuel cells, corrosion metals, electrolysis)

Project

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Continuities

S - Specificky vyzkum na vysokych skolach

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Batteries-Basel

ISSN

2313-0105

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

10

Issue of the periodical within the volume

5

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

18

Pages from-to

1-18

UT code for WoS article

001232755100001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85194093677