Intriguing properties of graphite/polysiloxane composite-based pencil electrodes

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F00216305%3A26620%2F24%3APU150271" target="_blank" >RIV/00216305:26620/24:PU150271 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/00216224:14310/24:00135389

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468623017851?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013468623017851?via%3Dihub</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2023.143615" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.electacta.2023.143615</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Intriguing properties of graphite/polysiloxane composite-based pencil electrodes

Original language description

Pencil leads can be considered well-defined and cheap graphite electrodes for a wide range of electrochemistry applications. These electrodes display many intriguing properties; however, the origin of these properties is not clear. Using various analytical approaches applied to two different commercially available Tombow (TO) and Staedtler (ST) pencils we reveal a causal relationship between the unique properties of pencils and their graphite/polysiloxane composite. We explore the impact of chloroform etching on chemical composition changes, thermal stability and electrochemical parameters of pencils. Using a combination of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) various polydimethylsiloxanes in composites are revealed. The polysiloxane species leave into the chloroform solvent during the etching resulting in a significant decrease of their content within the electrodes. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data, corroborated by gravimetric measurements, provide additional proof of the presence of composite structures in ST and TO pencils, showing glass transition temperatures at around 76 degrees C and 81 degrees C. The main difference between the TO and ST electrodes is the content and composition of the polysiloxanes within the graphite matrix. ST composites have significantly higher polymer content (- 30 %) with traces of Na and S impurities compared to TO ones (- 14 %) free of contaminations. Furthermore, mainly cyclic nanostructures appear in chloroform extracts of ST composites whereas rather chain-like clusters are liberated out of the TO counterparts. Complementary electrochemical experiments using cyclic voltammetry (CV), impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and the less known elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS) reflect the performance superiority of TO electrodes with much lower polysiloxane content and free of impurities. High conductivity, low capacitive current along with favoured charge carrier

Czech name

—

Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10400 - Chemical sciences

Project

—

Continuities

—

Publication year

2024

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA

ISSN

0013-4686

e-ISSN

1873-3859

Volume of the periodical

475

Issue of the periodical within the volume

1

Country of publishing house

GB - UNITED KINGDOM

Number of pages

12

Pages from-to

„“-„“

UT code for WoS article

001135407300001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85179012164