Maximizing Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation by Using Nanofibre Membranes

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F28676092%3A_____%2F16%3AN0000054" target="_blank" >RIV/28676092:_____/16:N0000054 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

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DOI - Digital Object Identifier

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Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Maximizing Flux in Direct Contact Membrane Distillation by Using Nanofibre Membranes

Original language description

Membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging separation technology, whose largest potential lies in desalination of highly concentrated solutions, which cannot be treated by reverse osmosis (RO). Despite many attractive features, MD is still waiting for a large-scale industrial application, owing to low fluxes when compared to RO. MD is a thermal process, driven by a partial vapor pressure difference between a hot feed and a cold distillate. The ideal membrane would have maximum transmembrane flux, distillate purity and thermal efficiency, but these conflicting requirements are limited by pore size, membrane hydrophobicity and thickness. Nanofibre membranes may offer a solution thanks to their fascinating surface to volume ratio, attractive in applications where high porosity is desirable. Electrospun PVDF nanofibre membranes were tested at various conditions on a direct-contact (DCMD) unit, in order to find optimum properties, mainly membrane thickness and lamination parameters. In addition, the performance was compared to commonly available film PTFE, PE and PES membranes. It was observed that at high recirculation velocity, very thin nanofibre membranes can have nearly 30 % higher fluxes that the best reference membranes, but it comes at a cost of higher energy losses via conduction across the membrane. The salt retention of all but one membrane was above 99 %. Considering that DCMD is the least energy efficient configuration, nanofibre membranes show a promising way to achieve high fluxes with MD. As both mass and heat transfer are connected, it is best to develop new membranes with target application in mind, for the specific membrane module and operational conditions.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

O - Miscellaneous

CEP classification

JP - Industrial processes and processing

OECD FORD branch

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Project

<a href="/en/project/LO1418" target="_blank" >LO1418: Progressive development of the Membrane Innovation Centre</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2016

Confidentiality

C - Předmět řešení projektu podléhá obchodnímu tajemství (§ 504 Občanského zákoníku), ale název projektu, cíle projektu a u ukončeného nebo zastaveného projektu zhodnocení výsledku řešení projektu (údaje P03, P04, P15, P19, P29, PN8) dodané do CEP, jsou upraveny tak, aby byly zveřejnitelné.