Cytotypes of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in Europe: widespread diploids and scattered triploids of likely multiple origin

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60076658%3A12310%2F21%3A43902992" target="_blank" >RIV/60076658:12310/21:43902992 - isvavai.cz</a>

Result on the web

<a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367253020302243?via%3Dihub" target="_blank" >https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0367253020302243?via%3Dihub</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.flora.2020.151725" target="_blank" >10.1016/j.flora.2020.151725</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Cytotypes of bracken (Pteridium aquilinum) in Europe: widespread diploids and scattered triploids of likely multiple origin

Original language description

Polyploidization is an important speciation and evolution mechanism in ferns. Initially, new cytotypes face challenges in maintaining themselves within the majority cytotype populations. Unlike in most even-ploidy cytotypes, fern triploids are often apomictic or infertile, due to genetic imbalance. An interesting opportunity to study these phenomena has emerged with the discovery of triploid bracken (Pteridium aquilinum), a triploid fern that is fertile but not apomictic. Originally found in one Welsh population, the distribution of this cytotype in Europe is unknown as is its origin and how it maintains itself among the presumed diploid majority. We sampled 135 populations of P. aquilinum, focusing on Central Europe. Ploidy level of all samples was analyzed by flow cytometry. We compared the two cytotypes via micromorphological characters (spore and stomata size), fertility characteristics (spore abortion and proportion of populations with sporangia-bearing fronds). Additionally, genetic difference between ploidy levels was tested as well. The diploid cytotype of P. aquilinum is dominant in continental Europe with 121 entirely diploid populations found, but we also found 9 mixed and 5 entirely triploid populations. Fertile diploid and triploid plants were found only in 17.7% and 21.4% of populations, respectively. The cytotypes are distinguishable using both tested micromorphological characters, but stomata are more reliable due to overall reduced fertility. Unlike the Welsh specimen, our tested triploid has most spores aborted, ca 97.4%, compared to mean 6.0% of spores aborted in diploids. The triploid cytotype is rare and likely originated multiple times from the diploids and relies on clonal and possibly limited sexual reproduction to maintain itself. However, diploids and triploids are often genetically different within a population, indicating that the triploid may migrate between populations. Due to its vegetative growth and presumed continuous formation, the triploid cytotype is likely to remain established in Central Europe, although in small numbers.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

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OECD FORD branch

10611 - Plant sciences, botany

Project

<a href="/en/project/GA19-17379S" target="_blank" >GA19-17379S: War of dominance between sexuals and apomicts: the mechanisms and consequences of the conflict between the two types of reproduction in wood ferns</a><br>

Continuities

P - Projekt vyzkumu a vyvoje financovany z verejnych zdroju (s odkazem do CEP)

Publication year

2021

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Flora

ISSN

0367-2530

e-ISSN

—

Volume of the periodical

274

Issue of the periodical within the volume

JAN 2021

Country of publishing house

DE - GERMANY

Number of pages

9

Pages from-to

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UT code for WoS article

000618140800002

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-85096697767