Short tRNA anticodon stem and mutant eRF1 allow stop codon reassignment
The result's identifiers
Result code in IS VaVaI
<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F23%3A00571500" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/23:00571500 - isvavai.cz</a>
Alternative codes found
RIV/61388971:_____/23:00573561 RIV/61988987:17310/23:A2402O4F RIV/60076658:12310/23:43906433 RIV/00216224:90242/23:00133749 RIV/00216208:11310/23:10458717
Result on the web
<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05584-2" target="_blank" >https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-022-05584-2</a>
DOI - Digital Object Identifier
<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05584-2" target="_blank" >10.1038/s41586-022-05584-2</a>
Alternative languages
Result language
angličtina
Original language name
Short tRNA anticodon stem and mutant eRF1 allow stop codon reassignment
Original language description
Cognate tRNAs deliver specific amino acids to translating ribosomes according to the standard genetic code, and three codons with no cognate tRNAs serve as stop codons. Some protists have reassigned all stop codons as sense codons, neglecting this fundamental principle(1-4). Here we analyse the in-frame stop codons in 7,259 predicted protein-coding genes of a previously undescribed trypanosomatid, Blastocrithidia nonstop. We reveal that in this species in-frame stop codons are underrepresented in genes expressed at high levels and that UAA serves as the only termination codon. Whereas new tRNAs(Glu) fully cognate to UAG and UAA evolved to reassign these stop codons, the UGA reassignment followed a different path through shortening the anticodon stem of tRNA(CCA)(Trp) from five to four base pairs (bp). The canonical 5-bp tRNA(Trp) recognizes UGG as dictated by the genetic code, whereas its shortened 4-bp variant incorporates tryptophan also into in-frame UGA. Mimicking this evolutionary twist by engineering both variants from B. nonstop, Trypanosoma brucei and Saccharomyces cerevisiae and expressing them in the last two species, we recorded a significantly higher readthrough for all 4-bp variants. Furthermore, a gene encoding B. nonstop release factor 1 acquired a mutation that specifically restricts UGA recognition, robustly potentiating the UGA reassignment. Virtually the same strategy has been adopted by the ciliate Condylostoma magnum. Hence, we describe a previously unknown, universal mechanism that has been exploited in unrelated eukaryotes with reassigned stop codons.
Czech name
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Czech description
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Classification
Type
J<sub>imp</sub> - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database
CEP classification
—
OECD FORD branch
10608 - Biochemistry and molecular biology
Result continuities
Project
Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.
Continuities
I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace
Others
Publication year
2023
Confidentiality
S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů
Data specific for result type
Name of the periodical
Nature
ISSN
0028-0836
e-ISSN
1476-4687
Volume of the periodical
613
Issue of the periodical within the volume
7945
Country of publishing house
GB - UNITED KINGDOM
Number of pages
8
Pages from-to
751-+
UT code for WoS article
000913868600006
EID of the result in the Scopus database
2-s2.0-85146017321