Cecropin anisaxin-2S has in vitro immunomodulatory, but not antiproliferative and antiviral properties

Result code in IS VaVaI

<a href="https://www.isvavai.cz/riv?ss=detail&h=RIV%2F60077344%3A_____%2F25%3A00635563" target="_blank" >RIV/60077344:_____/25:00635563 - isvavai.cz</a>

Alternative codes found

RIV/60076658:12310/25:43909976

Result on the web

<a href="https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1567505" target="_blank" >https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1567505</a>

DOI - Digital Object Identifier

<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1567505" target="_blank" >10.3389/fimmu.2025.1567505</a>

Result language

angličtina

Original language name

Cecropin anisaxin-2S has in vitro immunomodulatory, but not antiproliferative and antiviral properties

Original language description

Helminthic host defense peptides (HDP) are pleiotropic, multifunctional effector molecules of helminth immunity, efficient against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Among them, anisaxin-2S (A-2S), membranolytic cecropin-like HDPs produced by the zoonotic nematodes of the genus Anisakis, shows remarkable efficacy even against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, yet its immunomodulatory, antiproliferative and antiviral properties have not been elucidated. Therefore, we tested A-2S immunomodulation in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) blood cells exposed to two pathogens, the zoonotic bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila and the fish parasite Sphaerospora molnari, and in carp in vivo challenged with the parasite. Furthermore, the A-2S antiproliferative activity was tested in vitro in human bladder and lung cancer cell line, while the antiviral protection was tested in common carp brain cell culture exposed to carp rhabdovirus, alloherpesvirus and paramyxovirus, and in a human immortalized myelogenous leukemia cell line infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus. A-2S exerts an immunostimulatory effect on fish blood cells through upregulation of cytokine expression, with the proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory repertoire conditioned by the presence or absence of co-stimulatory antigen. Surprisingly, in the majority of assays conducted, red blood cells demonstrate equal or even stronger regulation of innate immunity genes compared to white blood cells, along with a more extensive repertoire of differentially expressed markers. In contrast, A-2S has only a limited anticancer activity in human bladder cancer and lung adenocarcinoma cells and limited antiviral activity against the three fish viruses and a human tick-borne encephalitis virus. This study provides the first evidence of red blood cell and platelet immunomodulation by an antimicrobial peptide and highlights the induction of a cytokine repertoire. However, future research should address the study's limitations, including the need for longer in vitro assays (e.g., 3-4 days), testing different white blood cell lineages, to better understand antigen-processing interactions, and evaluating the anticipated adaptive immune response. Powerful antimicrobial activity of A-2S, coupled with immunostimulatory properties, warrant further pursuing of preclinical trials with this anisaxin.

Czech name

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Czech description

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Type

J_imp - Article in a specialist periodical, which is included in the Web of Science database

CEP classification

—

OECD FORD branch

10601 - Cell biology

Project

Result was created during the realization of more than one project. More information in the Projects tab.

Continuities

I - Institucionalni podpora na dlouhodoby koncepcni rozvoj vyzkumne organizace

Publication year

2025

Confidentiality

S - Úplné a pravdivé údaje o projektu nepodléhají ochraně podle zvláštních právních předpisů

Name of the periodical

Frontiers in Immunology

ISSN

1664-3224

e-ISSN

1664-3224

Volume of the periodical

16

Issue of the periodical within the volume

MAY 5 2025

Country of publishing house

CH - SWITZERLAND

Number of pages

18

Pages from-to

1567505

UT code for WoS article

001489650900001

EID of the result in the Scopus database

2-s2.0-105005465603